Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-lindwa (infinitive kulindwa)
- Passive form of -linda: to get protected
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -lindwa
|
| Positive present
|
-nalindwa
|
| Subjunctive
|
-lindwe
|
| Negative
|
-lindwi
|
| Imperative singular
|
lindwa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
lindwa
|
| Plural
|
lindweni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hulindwa
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lilindwa
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kulindwa
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nalindwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninalindwa/nalindwa
|
tunalindwa
|
| 2nd person
|
unalindwa
|
mnalindwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
analindwa
|
wanalindwa
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nalindwa
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -lindwi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
silindwi
|
hatulindwi
|
| 2nd person
|
hulindwi
|
hamlindwi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
halindwi
|
hawalindwi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -lindwi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -talindwa
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -talindwa
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -lindwe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nilindwe
|
tulindwe
|
| 2nd person
|
ulindwe
|
mlindwe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
alindwe
|
walindwe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -lindwe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -silindwe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngelindwa
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singelindwa
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalilindwa
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalilindwa
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -alindwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nalindwa
|
twalindwa
|
| 2nd person
|
walindwa
|
mwalindwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
alindwa
|
walindwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
walindwa
|
yalindwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lalindwa
|
yalindwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chalindwa
|
vyalindwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yalindwa
|
zalindwa
|
| u(XI)
|
walindwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwalindwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
palindwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwalindwa
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -melindwa
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshalindwa
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jalindwa
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kilindwa
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipolindwa
|
| Consecutive
|
kalindwa / positive subject concord + -kalindwa
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kalindwe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nilindwa
|
-tulindwa
|
| 2nd person
|
-kulindwa
|
-walindwa/-kulindweni/-walindweni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mlindwa
|
-walindwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ulindwa
|
-ilindwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lilindwa
|
-yalindwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kilindwa
|
-vilindwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ilindwa
|
-zilindwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-ulindwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kulindwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-palindwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mulindwa
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jilindwa
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -lindwa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-lindwaye
|
-lindwao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-lindwao
|
-lindwayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lindwalo
|
-lindwayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-lindwacho
|
-lindwavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-lindwayo
|
-lindwazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-lindwao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-lindwako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-lindwapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-lindwamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -lindwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yelindwa
|
-olindwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-olindwa
|
-yolindwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lolindwa
|
-yolindwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-cholindwa
|
-vyolindwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yolindwa
|
-zolindwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-olindwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kolindwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-polindwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-molindwa
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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