Swahili
Etymology
From *-mala + -iza. The root is also the origin of the TAM marker -me-.
Pronunciation
Verb
-maliza (infinitive kumaliza)
- to finish, end, conclude
- to consume
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -maliza
|
| Positive present
|
-namaliza
|
| Subjunctive
|
-malize
|
| Negative
|
-malizi
|
| Imperative singular
|
maliza
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
maliza
|
| Plural
|
malizeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
humaliza
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -limaliza
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kumaliza
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -namaliza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninamaliza/namaliza
|
tunamaliza
|
| 2nd person
|
unamaliza
|
mnamaliza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anamaliza
|
wanamaliza
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -namaliza
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -malizi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
simalizi
|
hatumalizi
|
| 2nd person
|
humalizi
|
hammalizi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hamalizi
|
hawamalizi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -malizi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tamaliza
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tamaliza
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -malize)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nimalize
|
tumalize
|
| 2nd person
|
umalize
|
mmalize
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
amalize
|
wamalize
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -malize
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -simalize
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngemaliza
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singemaliza
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalimaliza
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalimaliza
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -amaliza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
namaliza
|
twamaliza
|
| 2nd person
|
wamaliza
|
mwamaliza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
amaliza
|
wamaliza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wamaliza
|
yamaliza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lamaliza
|
yamaliza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chamaliza
|
vyamaliza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yamaliza
|
zamaliza
|
| u(XI)
|
wamaliza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwamaliza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pamaliza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwamaliza
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -memaliza
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshamaliza
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jamaliza
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kimaliza
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipomaliza
|
| Consecutive
|
kamaliza / positive subject concord + -kamaliza
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kamalize
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nimaliza
|
-tumaliza
|
| 2nd person
|
-kumaliza
|
-wamaliza/-kumalizeni/-wamalizeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mmaliza
|
-wamaliza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-umaliza
|
-imaliza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-limaliza
|
-yamaliza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kimaliza
|
-vimaliza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-imaliza
|
-zimaliza
|
| u(XI)
|
-umaliza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kumaliza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pamaliza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mumaliza
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jimaliza
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -maliza- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-malizaye
|
-malizao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-malizao
|
-malizayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-malizalo
|
-malizayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-malizacho
|
-malizavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-malizayo
|
-malizazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-malizao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-malizako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-malizapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-malizamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -maliza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yemaliza
|
-omaliza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-omaliza
|
-yomaliza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lomaliza
|
-yomaliza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chomaliza
|
-vyomaliza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yomaliza
|
-zomaliza
|
| u(XI)
|
-omaliza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-komaliza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pomaliza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-momaliza
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms