Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic نَجَّسَ (najjasa).
Pronunciation
Verb
-najisi (infinitive kunajisi)
- to defile, desecrate
- to rape
- Synonym: -baka
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -najisi
|
| Positive present
|
-nanajisi
|
| Subjunctive
|
-najisi
|
| Negative
|
-najisi
|
| Imperative singular
|
najisi
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
najisi
|
| Plural
|
najisini
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hunajisi
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -linajisi
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kunajisi
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nanajisi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninanajisi/nanajisi
|
tunanajisi
|
| 2nd person
|
unanajisi
|
mnanajisi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ananajisi
|
wananajisi
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nanajisi
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -najisi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sinajisi
|
hatunajisi
|
| 2nd person
|
hunajisi
|
hamnajisi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hanajisi
|
hawanajisi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -najisi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tanajisi
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tanajisi
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -najisi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninajisi
|
tunajisi
|
| 2nd person
|
unajisi
|
mnajisi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anajisi
|
wanajisi
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -najisi
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sinajisi
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngenajisi
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singenajisi
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalinajisi
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalinajisi
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -anajisi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nanajisi
|
twanajisi
|
| 2nd person
|
wanajisi
|
mwanajisi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anajisi
|
wanajisi
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wanajisi
|
yanajisi
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lanajisi
|
yanajisi
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chanajisi
|
vyanajisi
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yanajisi
|
zanajisi
|
| u(XI)
|
wanajisi
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwanajisi
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
panajisi
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwanajisi
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -menajisi
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshanajisi
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -janajisi
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kinajisi
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siponajisi
|
| Consecutive
|
kanajisi / positive subject concord + -kanajisi
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kanajisi
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-ninajisi
|
-tunajisi
|
| 2nd person
|
-kunajisi
|
-wanajisi/-kunajisini/-wanajisini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mnajisi
|
-wanajisi
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-unajisi
|
-inajisi
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-linajisi
|
-yanajisi
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kinajisi
|
-vinajisi
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-inajisi
|
-zinajisi
|
| u(XI)
|
-unajisi
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kunajisi
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-panajisi
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-munajisi
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jinajisi
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -najisi- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-najisiye
|
-najisio
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-najisio
|
-najisiyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-najisilo
|
-najisiyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-najisicho
|
-najisivyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-najisiyo
|
-najisizo
|
| u(XI)
|
-najisio
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-najisiko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-najisipo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-najisimo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -najisi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yenajisi
|
-onajisi
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-onajisi
|
-yonajisi
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lonajisi
|
-yonajisi
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chonajisi
|
-vyonajisi
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yonajisi
|
-zonajisi
|
| u(XI)
|
-onajisi
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-konajisi
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ponajisi
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-monajisi
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Adjective
najisi (invariable)
- defiled, desecrated, ritually impure
Noun
najisi class IX (plural najisi class X)
- desecration, ritual impurity