Swahili
Etymology
From manufaa (“benefit”) + -isha (causative affix).
Verb
-nufaisha (infinitive kunufaisha)
- to cause to profit, to make someone benefit
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -nufaisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nanufaisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-nufaishe
|
| Negative
|
-nufaishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
nufaisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
nufaisha
|
| Plural
|
nufaisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hunufaisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -linufaisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kunufaisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nanufaisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninanufaisha/nanufaisha
|
tunanufaisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unanufaisha
|
mnanufaisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ananufaisha
|
wananufaisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nanufaisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -nufaishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sinufaishi
|
hatunufaishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hunufaishi
|
hamnufaishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hanufaishi
|
hawanufaishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -nufaishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tanufaisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tanufaisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -nufaishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninufaishe
|
tunufaishe
|
| 2nd person
|
unufaishe
|
mnufaishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anufaishe
|
wanufaishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nufaishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sinufaishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngenufaisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singenufaisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalinufaisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalinufaisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -anufaisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nanufaisha
|
twanufaisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wanufaisha
|
mwanufaisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anufaisha
|
wanufaisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wanufaisha
|
yanufaisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lanufaisha
|
yanufaisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chanufaisha
|
vyanufaisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yanufaisha
|
zanufaisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wanufaisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwanufaisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
panufaisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwanufaisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -menufaisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshanufaisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -janufaisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kinufaisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siponufaisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kanufaisha / positive subject concord + -kanufaisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kanufaishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-ninufaisha
|
-tunufaisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kunufaisha
|
-wanufaisha/-kunufaisheni/-wanufaisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mnufaisha
|
-wanufaisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-unufaisha
|
-inufaisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-linufaisha
|
-yanufaisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kinufaisha
|
-vinufaisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-inufaisha
|
-zinufaisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-unufaisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kunufaisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-panufaisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-munufaisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jinufaisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -nufaisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-nufaishaye
|
-nufaishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-nufaishao
|
-nufaishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-nufaishalo
|
-nufaishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-nufaishacho
|
-nufaishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-nufaishayo
|
-nufaishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-nufaishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-nufaishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-nufaishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-nufaishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -nufaisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yenufaisha
|
-onufaisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-onufaisha
|
-yonufaisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lonufaisha
|
-yonufaisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chonufaisha
|
-vyonufaisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yonufaisha
|
-zonufaisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-onufaisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-konufaisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ponufaisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-monufaisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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