Swahili
Etymology
From -okoa (“to save”) + -ta.[1]
Pronunciation
Verb
-okota (infinitive kuokota)
- to find, pick up
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -okota
|
| Positive present
|
-naokota
|
| Subjunctive
|
-okote
|
| Negative
|
-okoti
|
| Imperative singular
|
okota
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kuokota
|
| Negative
|
kutookota
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
okota
|
| Plural
|
okoteni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huokota
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liokota
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuokota
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naokota)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaokota/naokota
|
tunaokota
|
| 2nd person
|
unaokota
|
mnaokota
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaokota
|
wanaokota
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naokota
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -okoti)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siokoti
|
hatuokoti
|
| 2nd person
|
huokoti
|
hamwokoti
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haokoti
|
hawaokoti
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -okoti
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taokota
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taokota
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -okote)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niokote
|
tuokote
|
| 2nd person
|
uokote
|
mwokote
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aokote
|
waokote
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -okote
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siokote
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeokota
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeokota
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliokota
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliokota
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aokota)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naokota
|
twaokota
|
| 2nd person
|
waokota
|
mwaokota
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aokota
|
waokota
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waokota
|
yaokota
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laokota
|
yaokota
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaokota
|
vyaokota
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaokota
|
zaokota
|
| u(XI)
|
waokota
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaokota
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paokota
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaokota
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meokota
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaokota
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaokota
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiokota
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipookota
|
| Consecutive
|
kaokota / positive subject concord + -kaokota
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaokote
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niokota
|
-tuokota
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuokota
|
-waokota/-kuokoteni/-waokoteni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwokota
|
-waokota
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uokota
|
-iokota
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liokota
|
-yaokota
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiokota
|
-viokota
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iokota
|
-ziokota
|
| u(XI)
|
-uokota
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuokota
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paokota
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muokota
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiokota
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -okota- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-okotaye
|
-okotao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okotao
|
-okotayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-okotalo
|
-okotayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-okotacho
|
-okotavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-okotayo
|
-okotazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-okotao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-okotako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-okotapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-okotamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -okota)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeokota
|
-ookota
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ookota
|
-yookota
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lookota
|
-yookota
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chookota
|
-vyookota
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yookota
|
-zookota
|
| u(XI)
|
-ookota
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kookota
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pookota
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mookota
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
References
- ^ Ashton, E. O. (1944) Swahili Grammar (including Intonation), London: Longmans, Green & Co, page 238.