Swahili
Verb
-pakanisha (infinitive kupakanisha)
- Causative form of -pakana
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -pakanisha
|
| Positive present
|
-napakanisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-pakanishe
|
| Negative
|
-pakanishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
pakanisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
pakanisha
|
| Plural
|
pakanisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hupakanisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lipakanisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kupakanisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -napakanisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninapakanisha/napakanisha
|
tunapakanisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unapakanisha
|
mnapakanisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anapakanisha
|
wanapakanisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -napakanisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -pakanishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sipakanishi
|
hatupakanishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hupakanishi
|
hampakanishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hapakanishi
|
hawapakanishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -pakanishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tapakanisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tapakanisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -pakanishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nipakanishe
|
tupakanishe
|
| 2nd person
|
upakanishe
|
mpakanishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apakanishe
|
wapakanishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -pakanishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sipakanishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngepakanisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singepakanisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalipakanisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalipakanisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apakanisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
napakanisha
|
twapakanisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wapakanisha
|
mwapakanisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apakanisha
|
wapakanisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wapakanisha
|
yapakanisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lapakanisha
|
yapakanisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chapakanisha
|
vyapakanisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yapakanisha
|
zapakanisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wapakanisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwapakanisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
papakanisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwapakanisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mepakanisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshapakanisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japakanisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kipakanisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipopakanisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kapakanisha / positive subject concord + -kapakanisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kapakanishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nipakanisha
|
-tupakanisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kupakanisha
|
-wapakanisha/-kupakanisheni/-wapakanisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mpakanisha
|
-wapakanisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-upakanisha
|
-ipakanisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lipakanisha
|
-yapakanisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kipakanisha
|
-vipakanisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ipakanisha
|
-zipakanisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-upakanisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kupakanisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-papakanisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mupakanisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jipakanisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -pakanisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-pakanishaye
|
-pakanishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-pakanishao
|
-pakanishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-pakanishalo
|
-pakanishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-pakanishacho
|
-pakanishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-pakanishayo
|
-pakanishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-pakanishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-pakanishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakanishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-pakanishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -pakanisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yepakanisha
|
-opakanisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-opakanisha
|
-yopakanisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lopakanisha
|
-yopakanisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chopakanisha
|
-vyopakanisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yopakanisha
|
-zopakanisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-opakanisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopakanisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-popakanisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mopakanisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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