Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-pendana (infinitive kupendana)
- Reciprocal form of -penda: to like each other, to love each other
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -pendana
|
| Positive present
|
-napendana
|
| Subjunctive
|
-pendane
|
| Negative
|
-pendani
|
| Imperative singular
|
pendana
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
pendana
|
| Plural
|
pendaneni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hupendana
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lipendana
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kupendana
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -napendana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninapendana/napendana
|
tunapendana
|
| 2nd person
|
unapendana
|
mnapendana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anapendana
|
wanapendana
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -napendana
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -pendani)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sipendani
|
hatupendani
|
| 2nd person
|
hupendani
|
hampendani
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hapendani
|
hawapendani
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -pendani
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tapendana
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tapendana
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -pendane)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nipendane
|
tupendane
|
| 2nd person
|
upendane
|
mpendane
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apendane
|
wapendane
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -pendane
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sipendane
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngependana
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singependana
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalipendana
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalipendana
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apendana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
napendana
|
twapendana
|
| 2nd person
|
wapendana
|
mwapendana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apendana
|
wapendana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wapendana
|
yapendana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lapendana
|
yapendana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chapendana
|
vyapendana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yapendana
|
zapendana
|
| u(XI)
|
wapendana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwapendana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
papendana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwapendana
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mependana
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshapendana
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japendana
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kipendana
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipopendana
|
| Consecutive
|
kapendana / positive subject concord + -kapendana
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kapendane
|
| Object concord
|
—
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -pendana- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-pendanaye
|
-pendanao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-pendanao
|
-pendanayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-pendanalo
|
-pendanayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-pendanacho
|
-pendanavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-pendanayo
|
-pendanazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-pendanao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-pendanako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pendanapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-pendanamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -pendana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yependana
|
-opendana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-opendana
|
-yopendana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lopendana
|
-yopendana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chopendana
|
-vyopendana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yopendana
|
-zopendana
|
| u(XI)
|
-opendana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopendana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-popendana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mopendana
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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