Swahili
Etymology
From -piga (“to hit”) + -ilia.
Verb
-pigilia (infinitive kupigilia)
- to pound down
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -pigilia
|
| Positive present
|
-napigilia
|
| Subjunctive
|
-pigilie
|
| Negative
|
-pigilii
|
| Imperative singular
|
pigilia
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
pigilia
|
| Plural
|
pigilieni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hupigilia
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lipigilia
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kupigilia
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -napigilia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninapigilia/napigilia
|
tunapigilia
|
| 2nd person
|
unapigilia
|
mnapigilia
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anapigilia
|
wanapigilia
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -napigilia
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -pigilii)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sipigilii
|
hatupigilii
|
| 2nd person
|
hupigilii
|
hampigilii
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hapigilii
|
hawapigilii
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -pigilii
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tapigilia
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tapigilia
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -pigilie)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nipigilie
|
tupigilie
|
| 2nd person
|
upigilie
|
mpigilie
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apigilie
|
wapigilie
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -pigilie
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sipigilie
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngepigilia
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singepigilia
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalipigilia
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalipigilia
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apigilia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
napigilia
|
twapigilia
|
| 2nd person
|
wapigilia
|
mwapigilia
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apigilia
|
wapigilia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wapigilia
|
yapigilia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lapigilia
|
yapigilia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chapigilia
|
vyapigilia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yapigilia
|
zapigilia
|
| u(XI)
|
wapigilia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwapigilia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
papigilia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwapigilia
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mepigilia
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshapigilia
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japigilia
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kipigilia
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipopigilia
|
| Consecutive
|
kapigilia / positive subject concord + -kapigilia
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kapigilie
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nipigilia
|
-tupigilia
|
| 2nd person
|
-kupigilia
|
-wapigilia/-kupigilieni/-wapigilieni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mpigilia
|
-wapigilia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-upigilia
|
-ipigilia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lipigilia
|
-yapigilia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kipigilia
|
-vipigilia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ipigilia
|
-zipigilia
|
| u(XI)
|
-upigilia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kupigilia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-papigilia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mupigilia
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jipigilia
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -pigilia- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-pigiliaye
|
-pigiliao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-pigiliao
|
-pigiliayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-pigilialo
|
-pigiliayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-pigiliacho
|
-pigiliavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-pigiliayo
|
-pigiliazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-pigiliao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-pigiliako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pigiliapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-pigiliamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -pigilia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yepigilia
|
-opigilia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-opigilia
|
-yopigilia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lopigilia
|
-yopigilia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chopigilia
|
-vyopigilia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yopigilia
|
-zopigilia
|
| u(XI)
|
-opigilia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopigilia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-popigilia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mopigilia
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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