Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-potana (infinitive kupotana)
- Reciprocal form of -pota
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -potana
|
| Positive present
|
-napotana
|
| Subjunctive
|
-potane
|
| Negative
|
-potani
|
| Imperative singular
|
potana
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
potana
|
| Plural
|
potaneni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hupotana
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lipotana
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kupotana
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -napotana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninapotana/napotana
|
tunapotana
|
| 2nd person
|
unapotana
|
mnapotana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anapotana
|
wanapotana
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -napotana
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -potani)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sipotani
|
hatupotani
|
| 2nd person
|
hupotani
|
hampotani
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hapotani
|
hawapotani
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -potani
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tapotana
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tapotana
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -potane)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nipotane
|
tupotane
|
| 2nd person
|
upotane
|
mpotane
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apotane
|
wapotane
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -potane
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sipotane
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngepotana
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singepotana
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalipotana
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalipotana
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apotana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
napotana
|
twapotana
|
| 2nd person
|
wapotana
|
mwapotana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apotana
|
wapotana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wapotana
|
yapotana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lapotana
|
yapotana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chapotana
|
vyapotana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yapotana
|
zapotana
|
| u(XI)
|
wapotana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwapotana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
papotana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwapotana
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mepotana
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshapotana
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japotana
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kipotana
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipopotana
|
| Consecutive
|
kapotana / positive subject concord + -kapotana
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kapotane
|
| Object concord
|
—
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -potana- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-potanaye
|
-potanao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-potanao
|
-potanayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-potanalo
|
-potanayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-potanacho
|
-potanavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-potanayo
|
-potanazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-potanao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-potanako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-potanapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-potanamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -potana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yepotana
|
-opotana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-opotana
|
-yopotana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lopotana
|
-yopotana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chopotana
|
-vyopotana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yopotana
|
-zopotana
|
| u(XI)
|
-opotana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopotana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-popotana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mopotana
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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