Swahili
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].
Pronunciation
Verb
-pumzika (infinitive kupumzika)
- to rest
- to retire
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -pumzika
|
| Positive present
|
-napumzika
|
| Subjunctive
|
-pumzike
|
| Negative
|
-pumziki
|
| Imperative singular
|
pumzika
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
pumzika
|
| Plural
|
pumzikeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hupumzika
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lipumzika
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kupumzika
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -napumzika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninapumzika/napumzika
|
tunapumzika
|
| 2nd person
|
unapumzika
|
mnapumzika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anapumzika
|
wanapumzika
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -napumzika
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -pumziki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sipumziki
|
hatupumziki
|
| 2nd person
|
hupumziki
|
hampumziki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hapumziki
|
hawapumziki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -pumziki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tapumzika
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tapumzika
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -pumzike)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nipumzike
|
tupumzike
|
| 2nd person
|
upumzike
|
mpumzike
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apumzike
|
wapumzike
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -pumzike
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sipumzike
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngepumzika
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singepumzika
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalipumzika
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalipumzika
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apumzika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
napumzika
|
twapumzika
|
| 2nd person
|
wapumzika
|
mwapumzika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apumzika
|
wapumzika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wapumzika
|
yapumzika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lapumzika
|
yapumzika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chapumzika
|
vyapumzika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yapumzika
|
zapumzika
|
| u(XI)
|
wapumzika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwapumzika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
papumzika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwapumzika
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mepumzika
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshapumzika
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japumzika
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kipumzika
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipopumzika
|
| Consecutive
|
kapumzika / positive subject concord + -kapumzika
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kapumzike
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nipumzika
|
-tupumzika
|
| 2nd person
|
-kupumzika
|
-wapumzika/-kupumzikeni/-wapumzikeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mpumzika
|
-wapumzika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-upumzika
|
-ipumzika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lipumzika
|
-yapumzika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kipumzika
|
-vipumzika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ipumzika
|
-zipumzika
|
| u(XI)
|
-upumzika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kupumzika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-papumzika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mupumzika
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jipumzika
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -pumzika- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-pumzikaye
|
-pumzikao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-pumzikao
|
-pumzikayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-pumzikalo
|
-pumzikayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-pumzikacho
|
-pumzikavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-pumzikayo
|
-pumzikazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-pumzikao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-pumzikako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pumzikapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-pumzikamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -pumzika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yepumzika
|
-opumzika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-opumzika
|
-yopumzika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lopumzika
|
-yopumzika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chopumzika
|
-vyopumzika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yopumzika
|
-zopumzika
|
| u(XI)
|
-opumzika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopumzika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-popumzika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mopumzika
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms