Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-punguzika (infinitive kupunguzika)
- Stative form of -punguza
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -punguzika
|
| Positive present
|
-napunguzika
|
| Subjunctive
|
-punguzike
|
| Negative
|
-punguziki
|
| Imperative singular
|
punguzika
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
punguzika
|
| Plural
|
punguzikeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hupunguzika
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lipunguzika
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kupunguzika
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -napunguzika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninapunguzika/napunguzika
|
tunapunguzika
|
| 2nd person
|
unapunguzika
|
mnapunguzika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anapunguzika
|
wanapunguzika
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -napunguzika
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -punguziki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sipunguziki
|
hatupunguziki
|
| 2nd person
|
hupunguziki
|
hampunguziki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hapunguziki
|
hawapunguziki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -punguziki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tapunguzika
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tapunguzika
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -punguzike)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nipunguzike
|
tupunguzike
|
| 2nd person
|
upunguzike
|
mpunguzike
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apunguzike
|
wapunguzike
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -punguzike
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sipunguzike
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngepunguzika
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singepunguzika
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalipunguzika
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalipunguzika
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apunguzika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
napunguzika
|
twapunguzika
|
| 2nd person
|
wapunguzika
|
mwapunguzika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apunguzika
|
wapunguzika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wapunguzika
|
yapunguzika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lapunguzika
|
yapunguzika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chapunguzika
|
vyapunguzika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yapunguzika
|
zapunguzika
|
| u(XI)
|
wapunguzika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwapunguzika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
papunguzika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwapunguzika
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mepunguzika
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshapunguzika
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japunguzika
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kipunguzika
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipopunguzika
|
| Consecutive
|
kapunguzika / positive subject concord + -kapunguzika
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kapunguzike
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nipunguzika
|
-tupunguzika
|
| 2nd person
|
-kupunguzika
|
-wapunguzika/-kupunguzikeni/-wapunguzikeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mpunguzika
|
-wapunguzika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-upunguzika
|
-ipunguzika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lipunguzika
|
-yapunguzika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kipunguzika
|
-vipunguzika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ipunguzika
|
-zipunguzika
|
| u(XI)
|
-upunguzika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kupunguzika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-papunguzika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mupunguzika
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jipunguzika
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -punguzika- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-punguzikaye
|
-punguzikao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-punguzikao
|
-punguzikayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-punguzikalo
|
-punguzikayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-punguzikacho
|
-punguzikavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-punguzikayo
|
-punguzikazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-punguzikao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-punguzikako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-punguzikapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-punguzikamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -punguzika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yepunguzika
|
-opunguzika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-opunguzika
|
-yopunguzika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lopunguzika
|
-yopunguzika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chopunguzika
|
-vyopunguzika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yopunguzika
|
-zopunguzika
|
| u(XI)
|
-opunguzika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopunguzika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-popunguzika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mopunguzika
|
|
|
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| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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