Swahili
Etymology
From Arabic سَهَا (sahā).[1]
Pronunciation
Verb
-sahau (infinitive kusahau)
- to forget
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -sahau
|
| Positive present
|
-nasahau
|
| Subjunctive
|
-sahau
|
| Negative
|
-sahau
|
| Imperative singular
|
sahau
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kusahau
|
| Negative
|
kutosahau
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
sahau
|
| Plural
|
sahauni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
husahau
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lisahau
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kusahau
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasahau)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninasahau/nasahau
|
tunasahau
|
| 2nd person
|
unasahau
|
mnasahau
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anasahau
|
wanasahau
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nasahau
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -sahau)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sisahau
|
hatusahau
|
| 2nd person
|
husahau
|
hamsahau
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hasahau
|
hawasahau
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -sahau
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tasahau
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tasahau
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sahau)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nisahau
|
tusahau
|
| 2nd person
|
usahau
|
msahau
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asahau
|
wasahau
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -sahau
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sisahau
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngesahau
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singesahau
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalisahau
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalisahau
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asahau)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nasahau
|
twasahau
|
| 2nd person
|
wasahau
|
mwasahau
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asahau
|
wasahau
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wasahau
|
yasahau
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lasahau
|
yasahau
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chasahau
|
vyasahau
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yasahau
|
zasahau
|
| u(XI)
|
wasahau
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwasahau
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pasahau
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwasahau
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mesahau
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshasahau
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jasahau
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kisahau
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposahau
|
| Consecutive
|
kasahau / positive subject concord + -kasahau
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kasahau
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nisahau
|
-tusahau
|
| 2nd person
|
-kusahau
|
-wasahau/-kusahauni/-wasahauni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-msahau
|
-wasahau
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-usahau
|
-isahau
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lisahau
|
-yasahau
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kisahau
|
-visahau
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-isahau
|
-zisahau
|
| u(XI)
|
-usahau
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kusahau
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pasahau
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-musahau
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jisahau
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sahau- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-sahauye
|
-sahauo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-sahauo
|
-sahauyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-sahaulo
|
-sahauyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-sahaucho
|
-sahauvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-sahauyo
|
-sahauzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-sahauo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-sahauko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-sahaupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-sahaumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sahau)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yesahau
|
-osahau
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-osahau
|
-yosahau
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-losahau
|
-yosahau
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chosahau
|
-vyosahau
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yosahau
|
-zosahau
|
| u(XI)
|
-osahau
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kosahau
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-posahau
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mosahau
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
References
- ^ Baldi, Sergio (30 November 2020) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 154 Nr. 1385