Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic سَبَّ (sabba).
Pronunciation
Verb
-sibu (infinitive kusibu)
- to afflict, to confront
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -sibu
|
| Positive present
|
-nasibu
|
| Subjunctive
|
-sibu
|
| Negative
|
-sibu
|
| Imperative singular
|
sibu
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kusibu
|
| Negative
|
kutosibu
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
sibu
|
| Plural
|
sibuni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
husibu
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lisibu
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kusibu
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninasibu/nasibu
|
tunasibu
|
| 2nd person
|
unasibu
|
mnasibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anasibu
|
wanasibu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nasibu
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -sibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sisibu
|
hatusibu
|
| 2nd person
|
husibu
|
hamsibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hasibu
|
hawasibu
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -sibu
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tasibu
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tasibu
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nisibu
|
tusibu
|
| 2nd person
|
usibu
|
msibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asibu
|
wasibu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -sibu
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sisibu
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngesibu
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singesibu
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalisibu
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalisibu
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nasibu
|
twasibu
|
| 2nd person
|
wasibu
|
mwasibu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asibu
|
wasibu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wasibu
|
yasibu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lasibu
|
yasibu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chasibu
|
vyasibu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yasibu
|
zasibu
|
| u(XI)
|
wasibu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwasibu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pasibu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwasibu
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mesibu
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshasibu
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jasibu
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kisibu
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposibu
|
| Consecutive
|
kasibu / positive subject concord + -kasibu
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kasibu
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nisibu
|
-tusibu
|
| 2nd person
|
-kusibu
|
-wasibu/-kusibuni/-wasibuni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-msibu
|
-wasibu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-usibu
|
-isibu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lisibu
|
-yasibu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kisibu
|
-visibu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-isibu
|
-zisibu
|
| u(XI)
|
-usibu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kusibu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pasibu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-musibu
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jisibu
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sibu- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-sibuye
|
-sibuo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-sibuo
|
-sibuyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-sibulo
|
-sibuyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-sibucho
|
-sibuvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-sibuyo
|
-sibuzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-sibuo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-sibuko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-sibupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-sibumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sibu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yesibu
|
-osibu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-osibu
|
-yosibu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-losibu
|
-yosibu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chosibu
|
-vyosibu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yosibu
|
-zosibu
|
| u(XI)
|
-osibu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kosibu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-posibu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mosibu
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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