Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-songa (infinitive kusonga)
- to press
- kusonga ugali ― to make ugali
- to braid, to plait
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -songa
|
| Positive present
|
-nasonga
|
| Subjunctive
|
-songe
|
| Negative
|
-songi
|
| Imperative singular
|
songa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kusonga
|
| Negative
|
kutosonga
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
songa
|
| Plural
|
songeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
husonga
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lisonga
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kusonga
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasonga)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninasonga/nasonga
|
tunasonga
|
| 2nd person
|
unasonga
|
mnasonga
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anasonga
|
wanasonga
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nasonga
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -songi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sisongi
|
hatusongi
|
| 2nd person
|
husongi
|
hamsongi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hasongi
|
hawasongi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -songi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tasonga
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tasonga
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -songe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nisonge
|
tusonge
|
| 2nd person
|
usonge
|
msonge
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asonge
|
wasonge
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -songe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sisonge
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngesonga
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singesonga
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalisonga
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalisonga
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asonga)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nasonga
|
twasonga
|
| 2nd person
|
wasonga
|
mwasonga
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asonga
|
wasonga
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wasonga
|
yasonga
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lasonga
|
yasonga
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chasonga
|
vyasonga
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yasonga
|
zasonga
|
| u(XI)
|
wasonga
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwasonga
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pasonga
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwasonga
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mesonga
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshasonga
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jasonga
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kisonga
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposonga
|
| Consecutive
|
kasonga / positive subject concord + -kasonga
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kasonge
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nisonga
|
-tusonga
|
| 2nd person
|
-kusonga
|
-wasonga/-kusongeni/-wasongeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-msonga
|
-wasonga
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-usonga
|
-isonga
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lisonga
|
-yasonga
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kisonga
|
-visonga
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-isonga
|
-zisonga
|
| u(XI)
|
-usonga
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kusonga
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pasonga
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-musonga
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jisonga
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -songa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-songaye
|
-songao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-songao
|
-songayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-songalo
|
-songayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-songacho
|
-songavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-songayo
|
-songazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-songao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-songako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-songapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-songamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -songa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yesonga
|
-osonga
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-osonga
|
-yosonga
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-losonga
|
-yosonga
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chosonga
|
-vyosonga
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yosonga
|
-zosonga
|
| u(XI)
|
-osonga
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kosonga
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-posonga
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mosonga
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
West Makian
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Noun
songa
- old woman
Etymology 2
Related to Malay sungai.
Pronunciation
Noun
songa
- river
References
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[1], Pacific linguistics
Xhosa
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-songa?
- to roll up
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.