Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتَحَقَّ (istaḥaqqa).
Pronunciation
Verb
-stahiki (infinitive kustahiki)
- to deserve, to be worthy
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -stahiki
|
| Positive present
|
-nastahiki
|
| Subjunctive
|
-stahiki
|
| Negative
|
-stahiki
|
| Imperative singular
|
stahiki
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
stahiki
|
| Plural
|
stahikini
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hustahiki
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -listahiki
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kustahiki
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nastahiki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninastahiki/nastahiki
|
tunastahiki
|
| 2nd person
|
unastahiki
|
mnastahiki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anastahiki
|
wanastahiki
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nastahiki
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -stahiki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sistahiki
|
hatustahiki
|
| 2nd person
|
hustahiki
|
hamstahiki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hastahiki
|
hawastahiki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -stahiki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tastahiki
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tastahiki
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -stahiki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nistahiki
|
tustahiki
|
| 2nd person
|
ustahiki
|
mstahiki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
astahiki
|
wastahiki
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -stahiki
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sistahiki
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngestahiki
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singestahiki
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalistahiki
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalistahiki
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -astahiki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nastahiki
|
twastahiki
|
| 2nd person
|
wastahiki
|
mwastahiki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
astahiki
|
wastahiki
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wastahiki
|
yastahiki
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lastahiki
|
yastahiki
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chastahiki
|
vyastahiki
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yastahiki
|
zastahiki
|
| u(XI)
|
wastahiki
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwastahiki
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pastahiki
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwastahiki
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mestahiki
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshastahiki
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jastahiki
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kistahiki
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipostahiki
|
| Consecutive
|
kastahiki / positive subject concord + -kastahiki
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kastahiki
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nistahiki
|
-tustahiki
|
| 2nd person
|
-kustahiki
|
-wastahiki/-kustahikini/-wastahikini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mstahiki
|
-wastahiki
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ustahiki
|
-istahiki
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-listahiki
|
-yastahiki
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kistahiki
|
-vistahiki
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-istahiki
|
-zistahiki
|
| u(XI)
|
-ustahiki
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kustahiki
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pastahiki
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mustahiki
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jistahiki
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -stahiki- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-stahikiye
|
-stahikio
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-stahikio
|
-stahikiyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-stahikilo
|
-stahikiyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-stahikicho
|
-stahikivyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-stahikiyo
|
-stahikizo
|
| u(XI)
|
-stahikio
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-stahikiko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-stahikipo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-stahikimo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -stahiki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yestahiki
|
-ostahiki
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ostahiki
|
-yostahiki
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lostahiki
|
-yostahiki
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chostahiki
|
-vyostahiki
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yostahiki
|
-zostahiki
|
| u(XI)
|
-ostahiki
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kostahiki
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-postahiki
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mostahiki
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms