Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتَحْمَلَ (istaḥmala).
Pronunciation
Verb
-stahimili (infinitive kustahimili)
- to endure, to tolerate, to bear
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -stahimili
|
| Positive present
|
-nastahimili
|
| Subjunctive
|
-stahimili
|
| Negative
|
-stahimili
|
| Imperative singular
|
stahimili
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
stahimili
|
| Plural
|
stahimilini
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hustahimili
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -listahimili
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kustahimili
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nastahimili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninastahimili/nastahimili
|
tunastahimili
|
| 2nd person
|
unastahimili
|
mnastahimili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anastahimili
|
wanastahimili
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nastahimili
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -stahimili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sistahimili
|
hatustahimili
|
| 2nd person
|
hustahimili
|
hamstahimili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hastahimili
|
hawastahimili
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -stahimili
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tastahimili
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tastahimili
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -stahimili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nistahimili
|
tustahimili
|
| 2nd person
|
ustahimili
|
mstahimili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
astahimili
|
wastahimili
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -stahimili
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sistahimili
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngestahimili
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singestahimili
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalistahimili
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalistahimili
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -astahimili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nastahimili
|
twastahimili
|
| 2nd person
|
wastahimili
|
mwastahimili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
astahimili
|
wastahimili
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wastahimili
|
yastahimili
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lastahimili
|
yastahimili
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chastahimili
|
vyastahimili
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yastahimili
|
zastahimili
|
| u(XI)
|
wastahimili
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwastahimili
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pastahimili
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwastahimili
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mestahimili
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshastahimili
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jastahimili
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kistahimili
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipostahimili
|
| Consecutive
|
kastahimili / positive subject concord + -kastahimili
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kastahimili
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nistahimili
|
-tustahimili
|
| 2nd person
|
-kustahimili
|
-wastahimili/-kustahimilini/-wastahimilini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mstahimili
|
-wastahimili
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ustahimili
|
-istahimili
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-listahimili
|
-yastahimili
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kistahimili
|
-vistahimili
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-istahimili
|
-zistahimili
|
| u(XI)
|
-ustahimili
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kustahimili
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pastahimili
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mustahimili
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jistahimili
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -stahimili- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-stahimiliye
|
-stahimilio
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-stahimilio
|
-stahimiliyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-stahimililo
|
-stahimiliyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-stahimilicho
|
-stahimilivyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-stahimiliyo
|
-stahimilizo
|
| u(XI)
|
-stahimilio
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-stahimiliko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-stahimilipo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-stahimilimo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -stahimili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yestahimili
|
-ostahimili
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ostahimili
|
-yostahimili
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lostahimili
|
-yostahimili
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chostahimili
|
-vyostahimili
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yostahimili
|
-zostahimili
|
| u(XI)
|
-ostahimili
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kostahimili
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-postahimili
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mostahimili
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms