Swahili
Verb
-stawisha (infinitive kustawisha)
- Causative form of -stawi
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -stawisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nastawisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-stawishe
|
| Negative
|
-stawishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
stawisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
stawisha
|
| Plural
|
stawisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hustawisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -listawisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kustawisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nastawisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninastawisha/nastawisha
|
tunastawisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unastawisha
|
mnastawisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anastawisha
|
wanastawisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nastawisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -stawishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sistawishi
|
hatustawishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hustawishi
|
hamstawishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hastawishi
|
hawastawishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -stawishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tastawisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tastawisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -stawishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nistawishe
|
tustawishe
|
| 2nd person
|
ustawishe
|
mstawishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
astawishe
|
wastawishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -stawishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sistawishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngestawisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singestawisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalistawisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalistawisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -astawisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nastawisha
|
twastawisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wastawisha
|
mwastawisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
astawisha
|
wastawisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wastawisha
|
yastawisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lastawisha
|
yastawisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chastawisha
|
vyastawisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yastawisha
|
zastawisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wastawisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwastawisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pastawisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwastawisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mestawisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshastawisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jastawisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kistawisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipostawisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kastawisha / positive subject concord + -kastawisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kastawishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nistawisha
|
-tustawisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kustawisha
|
-wastawisha/-kustawisheni/-wastawisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mstawisha
|
-wastawisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ustawisha
|
-istawisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-listawisha
|
-yastawisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kistawisha
|
-vistawisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-istawisha
|
-zistawisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ustawisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kustawisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pastawisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mustawisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jistawisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -stawisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-stawishaye
|
-stawishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-stawishao
|
-stawishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-stawishalo
|
-stawishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-stawishacho
|
-stawishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-stawishayo
|
-stawishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-stawishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-stawishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-stawishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-stawishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -stawisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yestawisha
|
-ostawisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ostawisha
|
-yostawisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lostawisha
|
-yostawisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chostawisha
|
-vyostawisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yostawisha
|
-zostawisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ostawisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kostawisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-postawisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mostawisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms