Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-sugua (infinitive kusugua)
- to rub, scrub
- to scrub clean
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -sugua
|
| Positive present
|
-nasugua
|
| Subjunctive
|
-sugue
|
| Negative
|
-sugui
|
| Imperative singular
|
sugua
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kusugua
|
| Negative
|
kutosugua
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
sugua
|
| Plural
|
sugueni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
husugua
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lisugua
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kusugua
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasugua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninasugua/nasugua
|
tunasugua
|
| 2nd person
|
unasugua
|
mnasugua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anasugua
|
wanasugua
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nasugua
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -sugui)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sisugui
|
hatusugui
|
| 2nd person
|
husugui
|
hamsugui
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hasugui
|
hawasugui
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -sugui
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tasugua
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tasugua
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sugue)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nisugue
|
tusugue
|
| 2nd person
|
usugue
|
msugue
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asugue
|
wasugue
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -sugue
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sisugue
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngesugua
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singesugua
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalisugua
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalisugua
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asugua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nasugua
|
twasugua
|
| 2nd person
|
wasugua
|
mwasugua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asugua
|
wasugua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wasugua
|
yasugua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lasugua
|
yasugua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chasugua
|
vyasugua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yasugua
|
zasugua
|
| u(XI)
|
wasugua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwasugua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pasugua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwasugua
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mesugua
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshasugua
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jasugua
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kisugua
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposugua
|
| Consecutive
|
kasugua / positive subject concord + -kasugua
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kasugue
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nisugua
|
-tusugua
|
| 2nd person
|
-kusugua
|
-wasugua/-kusugueni/-wasugueni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-msugua
|
-wasugua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-usugua
|
-isugua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lisugua
|
-yasugua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kisugua
|
-visugua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-isugua
|
-zisugua
|
| u(XI)
|
-usugua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kusugua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pasugua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-musugua
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jisugua
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sugua- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-suguaye
|
-suguao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-suguao
|
-suguayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-sugualo
|
-suguayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-suguacho
|
-suguavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-suguayo
|
-suguazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-suguao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-suguako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-suguapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-suguamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sugua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yesugua
|
-osugua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-osugua
|
-yosugua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-losugua
|
-yosugua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chosugua
|
-vyosugua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yosugua
|
-zosugua
|
| u(XI)
|
-osugua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kosugua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-posugua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mosugua
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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