Swahili
Etymology
From taifa (“nation”) + -isha (causative affix).
Pronunciation
Verb
-taifisha (infinitive kutaifisha)
- to nationalize
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -taifisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nataifisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-taifishe
|
| Negative
|
-taifishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
taifisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
taifisha
|
| Plural
|
taifisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hutaifisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -litaifisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kutaifisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nataifisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninataifisha/nataifisha
|
tunataifisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unataifisha
|
mnataifisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anataifisha
|
wanataifisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nataifisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -taifishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sitaifishi
|
hatutaifishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hutaifishi
|
hamtaifishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hataifishi
|
hawataifishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -taifishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tataifisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tataifisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -taifishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nitaifishe
|
tutaifishe
|
| 2nd person
|
utaifishe
|
mtaifishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ataifishe
|
wataifishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -taifishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sitaifishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngetaifisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singetaifisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalitaifisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalitaifisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ataifisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nataifisha
|
twataifisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wataifisha
|
mwataifisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ataifisha
|
wataifisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wataifisha
|
yataifisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lataifisha
|
yataifisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chataifisha
|
vyataifisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yataifisha
|
zataifisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wataifisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwataifisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pataifisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwataifisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -metaifisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshataifisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jataifisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kitaifisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipotaifisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kataifisha / positive subject concord + -kataifisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kataifishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nitaifisha
|
-tutaifisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kutaifisha
|
-wataifisha/-kutaifisheni/-wataifisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mtaifisha
|
-wataifisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-utaifisha
|
-itaifisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-litaifisha
|
-yataifisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kitaifisha
|
-vitaifisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-itaifisha
|
-zitaifisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-utaifisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kutaifisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pataifisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mutaifisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jitaifisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -taifisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-taifishaye
|
-taifishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-taifishao
|
-taifishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-taifishalo
|
-taifishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-taifishacho
|
-taifishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-taifishayo
|
-taifishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-taifishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-taifishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-taifishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-taifishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -taifisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yetaifisha
|
-otaifisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-otaifisha
|
-yotaifisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lotaifisha
|
-yotaifisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chotaifisha
|
-vyotaifisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yotaifisha
|
-zotaifisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-otaifisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kotaifisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-potaifisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-motaifisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms