Swahili
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-tápɪka (“to vomit”).
Pronunciation
Verb
-tapika (infinitive kutapika)
- to vomit
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -tapika
|
| Positive present
|
-natapika
|
| Subjunctive
|
-tapike
|
| Negative
|
-tapiki
|
| Imperative singular
|
tapika
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
tapika
|
| Plural
|
tapikeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hutapika
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -litapika
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kutapika
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -natapika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninatapika/natapika
|
tunatapika
|
| 2nd person
|
unatapika
|
mnatapika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anatapika
|
wanatapika
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -natapika
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -tapiki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sitapiki
|
hatutapiki
|
| 2nd person
|
hutapiki
|
hamtapiki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hatapiki
|
hawatapiki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -tapiki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tatapika
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tatapika
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tapike)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nitapike
|
tutapike
|
| 2nd person
|
utapike
|
mtapike
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atapike
|
watapike
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -tapike
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sitapike
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngetapika
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singetapika
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalitapika
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalitapika
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atapika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
natapika
|
twatapika
|
| 2nd person
|
watapika
|
mwatapika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atapika
|
watapika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
watapika
|
yatapika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
latapika
|
yatapika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chatapika
|
vyatapika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yatapika
|
zatapika
|
| u(XI)
|
watapika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwatapika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
patapika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwatapika
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -metapika
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshatapika
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jatapika
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kitapika
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipotapika
|
| Consecutive
|
katapika / positive subject concord + -katapika
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -katapike
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nitapika
|
-tutapika
|
| 2nd person
|
-kutapika
|
-watapika/-kutapikeni/-watapikeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mtapika
|
-watapika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-utapika
|
-itapika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-litapika
|
-yatapika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kitapika
|
-vitapika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-itapika
|
-zitapika
|
| u(XI)
|
-utapika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kutapika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-patapika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mutapika
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jitapika
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tapika- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-tapikaye
|
-tapikao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-tapikao
|
-tapikayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-tapikalo
|
-tapikayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-tapikacho
|
-tapikavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-tapikayo
|
-tapikazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-tapikao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-tapikako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-tapikapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-tapikamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tapika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yetapika
|
-otapika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-otapika
|
-yotapika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lotapika
|
-yotapika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chotapika
|
-vyotapika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yotapika
|
-zotapika
|
| u(XI)
|
-otapika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kotapika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-potapika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-motapika
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
- Verbal derivations:
- Applicative: -tapikia
- Causative: -tapisha
- Passive: -tapikwa
- Stative: -tapikika