Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-tokesha (infinitive kutokesha)
- Causative form of -toka
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -tokesha
|
| Positive present
|
-natokesha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-tokeshe
|
| Negative
|
-tokeshi
|
| Imperative singular
|
tokesha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
tokesha
|
| Plural
|
tokesheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hutokesha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -litokesha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kutokesha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -natokesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninatokesha/natokesha
|
tunatokesha
|
| 2nd person
|
unatokesha
|
mnatokesha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anatokesha
|
wanatokesha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -natokesha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -tokeshi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sitokeshi
|
hatutokeshi
|
| 2nd person
|
hutokeshi
|
hamtokeshi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hatokeshi
|
hawatokeshi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -tokeshi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tatokesha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tatokesha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tokeshe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nitokeshe
|
tutokeshe
|
| 2nd person
|
utokeshe
|
mtokeshe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atokeshe
|
watokeshe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -tokeshe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sitokeshe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngetokesha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singetokesha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalitokesha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalitokesha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atokesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
natokesha
|
twatokesha
|
| 2nd person
|
watokesha
|
mwatokesha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atokesha
|
watokesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
watokesha
|
yatokesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
latokesha
|
yatokesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chatokesha
|
vyatokesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yatokesha
|
zatokesha
|
| u(XI)
|
watokesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwatokesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
patokesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwatokesha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -metokesha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshatokesha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jatokesha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kitokesha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipotokesha
|
| Consecutive
|
katokesha / positive subject concord + -katokesha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -katokeshe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nitokesha
|
-tutokesha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kutokesha
|
-watokesha/-kutokesheni/-watokesheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mtokesha
|
-watokesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-utokesha
|
-itokesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-litokesha
|
-yatokesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kitokesha
|
-vitokesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-itokesha
|
-zitokesha
|
| u(XI)
|
-utokesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kutokesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-patokesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mutokesha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jitokesha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tokesha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-tokeshaye
|
-tokeshao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-tokeshao
|
-tokeshayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-tokeshalo
|
-tokeshayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-tokeshacho
|
-tokeshavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-tokeshayo
|
-tokeshazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-tokeshao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-tokeshako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-tokeshapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-tokeshamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tokesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yetokesha
|
-otokesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-otokesha
|
-yotokesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lotokesha
|
-yotokesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chotokesha
|
-vyotokesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yotokesha
|
-zotokesha
|
| u(XI)
|
-otokesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kotokesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-potokesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-motokesha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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