toroka

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-toroka (infinitive kutoroka)

  1. to flee, to run away
    Synonyms: -kimbia, -feleti
  2. to escape

Conjugation

Conjugation of -toroka
Positive present -natoroka
Subjunctive -toroke
Negative -toroki
Imperative singular toroka
Infinitives
Positive kutoroka
Negative kutotoroka
Imperatives
Singular toroka
Plural torokeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutoroka
Positive past positive subject concord + -litoroka
Negative past negative subject concord + -kutoroka
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natoroka)
Singular Plural
1st person ninatoroka/natoroka tunatoroka
2nd person unatoroka mnatoroka
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatoroka wanatoroka
other classes positive subject concord + -natoroka
Negative present (negative subject concord + -toroki)
Singular Plural
1st person sitoroki hatutoroki
2nd person hutoroki hamtoroki
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatoroki hawatoroki
other classes negative subject concord + -toroki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatoroka
Negative future negative subject concord + -tatoroka
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -toroke)
Singular Plural
1st person nitoroke tutoroke
2nd person utoroke mtoroke
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atoroke watoroke
other classes positive subject concord + -toroke
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sitoroke
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetoroka
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetoroka
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitoroka
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitoroka
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atoroka)
Singular Plural
1st person natoroka twatoroka
2nd person watoroka mwatoroka
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atoroka watoroka
m-mi(III/IV) watoroka yatoroka
ji-ma(V/VI) latoroka yatoroka
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatoroka vyatoroka
n(IX/X) yatoroka zatoroka
u(XI) watoroka see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwatoroka
pa(XVI) patoroka
mu(XVIII) mwatoroka
Perfect positive subject concord + -metoroka
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshatoroka
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatoroka
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kitoroka
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipotoroka
Consecutive katoroka / positive subject concord + -katoroka
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katoroke
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nitoroka -tutoroka
2nd person -kutoroka -watoroka/-kutorokeni/-watorokeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtoroka -watoroka
m-mi(III/IV) -utoroka -itoroka
ji-ma(V/VI) -litoroka -yatoroka
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitoroka -vitoroka
n(IX/X) -itoroka -zitoroka
u(XI) -utoroka see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kutoroka
pa(XVI) -patoroka
mu(XVIII) -mutoroka
Reflexive -jitoroka
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -toroka- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -torokaye -torokao
m-mi(III/IV) -torokao -torokayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -torokalo -torokayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -torokacho -torokavyo
n(IX/X) -torokayo -torokazo
u(XI) -torokao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -torokako
pa(XVI) -torokapo
mu(XVIII) -torokamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -toroka)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yetoroka -otoroka
m-mi(III/IV) -otoroka -yotoroka
ji-ma(V/VI) -lotoroka -yotoroka
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotoroka -vyotoroka
n(IX/X) -yotoroka -zotoroka
u(XI) -otoroka see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kotoroka
pa(XVI) -potoroka
mu(XVIII) -motoroka
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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