Hopi
Noun
ungwa
- blood (fluid in an animal's veins)
Swahili
Verb
-ungwa (infinitive kuungwa)
- Passive form of -unga
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -ungwa
|
| Positive present
|
-naungwa
|
| Subjunctive
|
-ungwe
|
| Negative
|
-ungwi
|
| Imperative singular
|
ungwa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kuungwa
|
| Negative
|
kutoungwa
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
ungwa
|
| Plural
|
ungweni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huungwa
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liungwa
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuungwa
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naungwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaungwa/naungwa
|
tunaungwa
|
| 2nd person
|
unaungwa
|
mnaungwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaungwa
|
wanaungwa
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naungwa
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -ungwi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siungwi
|
hatuungwi
|
| 2nd person
|
huungwi
|
hamuungwi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haungwi
|
hawaungwi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -ungwi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taungwa
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taungwa
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ungwe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niungwe
|
tuungwe
|
| 2nd person
|
uungwe
|
muungwe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aungwe
|
waungwe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -ungwe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siungwe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeungwa
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeungwa
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliungwa
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliungwa
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aungwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naungwa
|
twaungwa
|
| 2nd person
|
waungwa
|
mwaungwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aungwa
|
waungwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waungwa
|
yaungwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laungwa
|
yaungwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaungwa
|
vyaungwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaungwa
|
zaungwa
|
| u(XI)
|
waungwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaungwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paungwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaungwa
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meungwa
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaungwa
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaungwa
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiungwa
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoungwa
|
| Consecutive
|
kaungwa / positive subject concord + -kaungwa
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaungwe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niungwa
|
-tuungwa
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuungwa
|
-waungwa/-kuungweni/-waungweni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-muungwa
|
-waungwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uungwa
|
-iungwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liungwa
|
-yaungwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiungwa
|
-viungwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iungwa
|
-ziungwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-uungwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuungwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paungwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muungwa
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiungwa
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ungwa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-ungwaye
|
-ungwao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ungwao
|
-ungwayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ungwalo
|
-ungwayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-ungwacho
|
-ungwavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ungwayo
|
-ungwazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-ungwao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-ungwako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ungwapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-ungwamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ungwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeungwa
|
-oungwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oungwa
|
-youngwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loungwa
|
-youngwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choungwa
|
-vyoungwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-youngwa
|
-zoungwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-oungwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koungwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poungwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moungwa
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms