Swahili
Etymology
From wakili + -isha (causative affix).
Pronunciation
Verb
-wakilisha (infinitive kuwakilisha)
- to represent (to stand in the place of)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -wakilisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nawakilisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-wakilishe
|
| Negative
|
-wakilishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
wakilisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
wakilisha
|
| Plural
|
wakilisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huwakilisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liwakilisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuwakilisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nawakilisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninawakilisha/nawakilisha
|
tunawakilisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unawakilisha
|
mnawakilisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anawakilisha
|
wanawakilisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nawakilisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -wakilishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siwakilishi
|
hatuwakilishi
|
| 2nd person
|
huwakilishi
|
hamuwakilishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hawakilishi
|
hawawakilishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -wakilishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tawakilisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tawakilisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -wakilishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niwakilishe
|
tuwakilishe
|
| 2nd person
|
uwakilishe
|
muwakilishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
awakilishe
|
wawakilishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -wakilishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siwakilishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngewakilisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singewakilisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliwakilisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliwakilisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -awakilisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nawakilisha
|
twawakilisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wawakilisha
|
mwawakilisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
awakilisha
|
wawakilisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wawakilisha
|
yawakilisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lawakilisha
|
yawakilisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chawakilisha
|
vyawakilisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yawakilisha
|
zawakilisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wawakilisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwawakilisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pawakilisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwawakilisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mewakilisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshawakilisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jawakilisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiwakilisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipowakilisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kawakilisha / positive subject concord + -kawakilisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kawakilishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niwakilisha
|
-tuwakilisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuwakilisha
|
-wawakilisha/-kuwakilisheni/-wawakilisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-muwakilisha
|
-wawakilisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uwakilisha
|
-iwakilisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liwakilisha
|
-yawakilisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiwakilisha
|
-viwakilisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iwakilisha
|
-ziwakilisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-uwakilisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuwakilisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pawakilisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muwakilisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiwakilisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -wakilisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-wakilishaye
|
-wakilishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-wakilishao
|
-wakilishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-wakilishalo
|
-wakilishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-wakilishacho
|
-wakilishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-wakilishayo
|
-wakilishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-wakilishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-wakilishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-wakilishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-wakilishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -wakilisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yewakilisha
|
-owakilisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-owakilisha
|
-yowakilisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lowakilisha
|
-yowakilisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chowakilisha
|
-vyowakilisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yowakilisha
|
-zowakilisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-owakilisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kowakilisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-powakilisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mowakilisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms