Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-zalia (infinitive kuzalia)
- Applicative form of -zaa
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -zalia
|
| Positive present
|
-nazalia
|
| Subjunctive
|
-zalie
|
| Negative
|
-zalii
|
| Imperative singular
|
zalia
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kuzalia
|
| Negative
|
kutozalia
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
zalia
|
| Plural
|
zalieni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huzalia
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lizalia
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuzalia
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazalia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninazalia/nazalia
|
tunazalia
|
| 2nd person
|
unazalia
|
mnazalia
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anazalia
|
wanazalia
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nazalia
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -zalii)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sizalii
|
hatuzalii
|
| 2nd person
|
huzalii
|
hamzalii
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hazalii
|
hawazalii
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -zalii
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tazalia
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tazalia
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zalie)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nizalie
|
tuzalie
|
| 2nd person
|
uzalie
|
mzalie
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
azalie
|
wazalie
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -zalie
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sizalie
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngezalia
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singezalia
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalizalia
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalizalia
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azalia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nazalia
|
twazalia
|
| 2nd person
|
wazalia
|
mwazalia
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
azalia
|
wazalia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wazalia
|
yazalia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lazalia
|
yazalia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chazalia
|
vyazalia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yazalia
|
zazalia
|
| u(XI)
|
wazalia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwazalia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pazalia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwazalia
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mezalia
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshazalia
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jazalia
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kizalia
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipozalia
|
| Consecutive
|
kazalia / positive subject concord + -kazalia
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kazalie
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nizalia
|
-tuzalia
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuzalia
|
-wazalia/-kuzalieni/-wazalieni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mzalia
|
-wazalia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uzalia
|
-izalia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lizalia
|
-yazalia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kizalia
|
-vizalia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-izalia
|
-zizalia
|
| u(XI)
|
-uzalia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuzalia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pazalia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muzalia
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jizalia
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zalia- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-zaliaye
|
-zaliao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-zaliao
|
-zaliayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-zalialo
|
-zaliayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-zaliacho
|
-zaliavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-zaliayo
|
-zaliazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-zaliao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-zaliako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-zaliapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-zaliamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zalia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yezalia
|
-ozalia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ozalia
|
-yozalia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lozalia
|
-yozalia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chozalia
|
-vyozalia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yozalia
|
-zozalia
|
| u(XI)
|
-ozalia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kozalia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pozalia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mozalia
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms