Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-zingira (infinitive kuzingira)
- to round up
- to surround
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -zingira
|
| Positive present
|
-nazingira
|
| Subjunctive
|
-zingire
|
| Negative
|
-zingiri
|
| Imperative singular
|
zingira
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
zingira
|
| Plural
|
zingireni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huzingira
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lizingira
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuzingira
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazingira)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninazingira/nazingira
|
tunazingira
|
| 2nd person
|
unazingira
|
mnazingira
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anazingira
|
wanazingira
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nazingira
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -zingiri)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sizingiri
|
hatuzingiri
|
| 2nd person
|
huzingiri
|
hamzingiri
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hazingiri
|
hawazingiri
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -zingiri
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tazingira
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tazingira
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zingire)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nizingire
|
tuzingire
|
| 2nd person
|
uzingire
|
mzingire
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
azingire
|
wazingire
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -zingire
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sizingire
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngezingira
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singezingira
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalizingira
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalizingira
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azingira)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nazingira
|
twazingira
|
| 2nd person
|
wazingira
|
mwazingira
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
azingira
|
wazingira
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wazingira
|
yazingira
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lazingira
|
yazingira
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chazingira
|
vyazingira
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yazingira
|
zazingira
|
| u(XI)
|
wazingira
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwazingira
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pazingira
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwazingira
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mezingira
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshazingira
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jazingira
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kizingira
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipozingira
|
| Consecutive
|
kazingira / positive subject concord + -kazingira
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kazingire
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nizingira
|
-tuzingira
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuzingira
|
-wazingira/-kuzingireni/-wazingireni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mzingira
|
-wazingira
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uzingira
|
-izingira
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lizingira
|
-yazingira
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kizingira
|
-vizingira
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-izingira
|
-zizingira
|
| u(XI)
|
-uzingira
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuzingira
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pazingira
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muzingira
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jizingira
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zingira- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-zingiraye
|
-zingirao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-zingirao
|
-zingirayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-zingiralo
|
-zingirayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-zingiracho
|
-zingiravyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-zingirayo
|
-zingirazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-zingirao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-zingirako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-zingirapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-zingiramo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zingira)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yezingira
|
-ozingira
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ozingira
|
-yozingira
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lozingira
|
-yozingira
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chozingira
|
-vyozingira
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yozingira
|
-zozingira
|
| u(XI)
|
-ozingira
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kozingira
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pozingira
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mozingira
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms