Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-zuia (infinitive kuzuia)
- to prevent
- to keep back, restrain, control
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -zuia
|
| Positive present
|
-nazuia
|
| Subjunctive
|
-zuie
|
| Negative
|
-zuii
|
| Imperative singular
|
zuia
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kuzuia
|
| Negative
|
kutozuia
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
zuia
|
| Plural
|
zuieni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huzuia
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lizuia
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuzuia
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazuia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninazuia/nazuia
|
tunazuia
|
| 2nd person
|
unazuia
|
mnazuia
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anazuia
|
wanazuia
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nazuia
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -zuii)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sizuii
|
hatuzuii
|
| 2nd person
|
huzuii
|
hamzuii
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hazuii
|
hawazuii
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -zuii
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tazuia
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tazuia
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zuie)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nizuie
|
tuzuie
|
| 2nd person
|
uzuie
|
mzuie
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
azuie
|
wazuie
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -zuie
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sizuie
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngezuia
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singezuia
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalizuia
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalizuia
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azuia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nazuia
|
twazuia
|
| 2nd person
|
wazuia
|
mwazuia
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
azuia
|
wazuia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wazuia
|
yazuia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lazuia
|
yazuia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chazuia
|
vyazuia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yazuia
|
zazuia
|
| u(XI)
|
wazuia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwazuia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pazuia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwazuia
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mezuia
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshazuia
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jazuia
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kizuia
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipozuia
|
| Consecutive
|
kazuia / positive subject concord + -kazuia
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kazuie
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nizuia
|
-tuzuia
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuzuia
|
-wazuia/-kuzuieni/-wazuieni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mzuia
|
-wazuia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uzuia
|
-izuia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lizuia
|
-yazuia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kizuia
|
-vizuia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-izuia
|
-zizuia
|
| u(XI)
|
-uzuia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuzuia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pazuia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muzuia
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jizuia
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zuia- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-zuiaye
|
-zuiao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-zuiao
|
-zuiayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-zuialo
|
-zuiayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-zuiacho
|
-zuiavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-zuiayo
|
-zuiazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-zuiao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-zuiako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-zuiapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-zuiamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zuia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yezuia
|
-ozuia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ozuia
|
-yozuia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lozuia
|
-yozuia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chozuia
|
-vyozuia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yozuia
|
-zozuia
|
| u(XI)
|
-ozuia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kozuia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pozuia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mozuia
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
- Verbal derivations:
- Applicative: -zuilia
- Causative: -zuilisha
- Passive: -zuiwa (“to get obstructed, to get stopped”)
- Reciprocal: -zuiana
- Stative: -zuilika
- Nominal derivations:
- kizuizi (“barrier”)
- uzuiaji (“obstruction, prevention”)
- uzuio (“hindrance, prevention, obstruction”)