यज्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

इज् (ij) — samprasāraṇa form

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

যজ্ (Assamese script)
ᬬᬚ᭄ (Balinese script)
যজ্ (Bengali script)
𑰧𑰕𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀬𑀚𑁆 (Brahmi script)
ယဇ် (Burmese script)
યજ્ (Gujarati script)
ਯਜ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌯𑌜𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦪꦗ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂨𑂔𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಯಜ್ (Kannada script)
យជ៑ (Khmer script)
ຍຊ຺ (Lao script)
യജ് (Malayalam script)
ᠶᠠᡯ (Manchu script)
𑘧𑘕𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠶ᠋ᠠᠽ (Mongolian script)
𑧇𑦵𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐫𑐖𑑂 (Newa script)
ଯଜ୍ (Odia script)
ꢫꢙ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆪𑆘𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖧𑖕𑖿 (Siddham script)
යජ් (Sinhalese script)
𑩻𑩣 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚣𑚑𑚶 (Takri script)
யஜ் (Tamil script)
యజ్ (Telugu script)
ยชฺ (Thai script)
ཡ་ཛ྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒨𑒖𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨪𑨥𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hyaȷ́-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyaȷ́-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yaǵ- (“to sacrifice, worship”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐd͡ʑ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /jɐd͡ʑ/

Root

यज् • (yaj)

to worship, adore, honour
to consecrate, hallow

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root यज् (0 c, 9 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root यज् (4 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

यजति (yájati) (Present)
यक्ष्यति (yakṣyáti) (Future)
यष्टा (yaṣṭā́) (Periphrastic Future)
अयाक्षीत् (áyākṣīt) (Aorist)
इज्यात् (ijyāt) (Benedictive)
इयाज (iyā́ja) (Perfect)

Secondary Forms

इज्यते (ijyate) (Passive)
याजयति (yājayati) (Causative)
अयीयजत् (ayīyajat) (Causative Aorist)
यियक्षति (yiyakṣati) (Desiderative)
यायज्यते (yāyajyate) (Intensive)
यायष्टि (yāyaṣṭi) (Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

इष्ट (iṣṭá) (Past Participle)
यष्टुम् (yáṣṭum) (Infinitive)
ईजितुम् (ījitum) (Infinitive)
यजध्यै (yajadhyai) (Infinitive)
इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā́) (Gerund)
इज्य (ijya) (Gerundive)
यष्टव्य (yaṣṭavyà) (Gerundive)
यजनीय (yajanīya) (Gerundive)
याज्य (yājya) (Causative Gerundive)
याजयितव्य (yājayitavyà) (Causative Gerundive)
याजनीय (yājanīya) (Causative Gerundive)
यियक्षु (yiyakṣu) (Desiderative Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

इज्या (ijyā)
इष्टि (íṣṭi)
इष्टिन् (iṣṭín)
यज (yája)
यजत (yajatá)
यजत्र (yájatra)
यजथ (yajátha)
यजस् (yájas, “sacrifice”)
यजस् (yajás, “worshipping”)
यजिष्ठ (yájiṣṭha)
यजीयस् (yájīyas)
यजुस् (yájus)
यज्ञ (yajñá)
यज्य (yájya)
यज्यु (yájyu)
यज्वन् (yájvan)
यज्विन् (yajvin)
यष्टृ (yaṣṭṛ)
याजक (yājaka)
याज्या (yājyā̀)

Prefixed Root Forms

अतियज् (atiyaj)
अपयज् (apayaj)
अभियज् (abhiyaj)
अवयज् (avayaj)
आयज् (āyaj)
उपयज् (upayaj)
परियज् (pariyaj)
प्रतियज् (pratiyaj)
प्रयज् (prayaj)
संयज् (saṃyaj)

The desiderative इयक्षति (íyakṣati) is rather from अक्ष् (akṣ), etymologically related to नश् (naś, “to reach, attain”).

References

Monier Williams (1899) “यज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 838, column 3.
William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 129

Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “यज्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “yaj”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 392-3