唵
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Translingual
Han character
唵 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 口大中山 (RKLU), four-corner 64016, composition ⿰口奄)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 193, character 27
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3770
- Dae Jaweon: page 414, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 638, character 14
- Unihan data for U+5535
Chinese
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (奄) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Etymology 1
| trad. | 唵 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 唵 | |
Schuessler (2007) suggests that this is an endoactive derivation from 喑 (OC *qɯːm, “mute; silent”).
Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-ʔum ~ *mum (“to hold in mouth; to chew; to eat; to kiss”); compare Tibetan ཨུམ (um, “kiss”) (STEDT; Benedict, 1972; Coblin, 1986; Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: ǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ǎn
- Wade–Giles: an3
- Yale: ǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aan
- Palladius: ань (anʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀän²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: am2
- Yale: ám
- Cantonese Pinyin: am2
- Guangdong Romanization: em2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɐm³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
- Middle Chinese: 'omX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*qoːmʔ/
Definitions
唵
Etymology 2
| trad. | 唵 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 唵 | |
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit ॐ (oṃ).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: ǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ǎn
- Wade–Giles: an3
- Yale: ǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aan
- Palladius: ань (anʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀän²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: ōng
- Zhuyin: ㄛㄫ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ong
- Wade–Giles: ung1
- Yale: ūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ong
- Palladius: ун (un)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: 'omX
Definitions
唵
Compounds
- 唵嘛呢叭咪吽 (ǎn mānī bēimēi hōng)
Etymology 3
| trad. | 唵 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 唵 | |
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: ǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ǎn
- Wade–Giles: an3
- Yale: ǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aan
- Palladius: ань (anʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀän²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: am2
- Yale: ám
- Cantonese Pinyin: am2
- Guangdong Romanization: em2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɐm³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Definitions
唵
- An interjection indicating doubt: um
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: ǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ǎn
- Wade–Giles: an3
- Yale: ǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aan
- Palladius: ань (anʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀän²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: ān
- Zhuyin: ㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: an
- Wade–Giles: an1
- Yale: ān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: an
- Palladius: ань (anʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀän⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
唵
Etymology 4
| trad. | 唵 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 唵 | |
| alternative forms | 食 | |
Onomatopoeic.
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ām / âm
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ām
- Tâi-lô: ām
- Phofsit Daibuun: am
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /am²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /am³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âm
- Tâi-lô: âm
- Phofsit Daibuun: aam
- IPA (Taipei): /am²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /am²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Definitions
唵
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 吃 (“to eat”) [map]
Descendants
- ⇒ Cebuano: am-am
Etymology 5
| trad. | 唵 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 唵 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: ǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ǎn
- Wade–Giles: an3
- Yale: ǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aan
- Palladius: ань (anʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀän²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
唵
- Used in compounds.
Compounds
- 唵噆
References
- “唵”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
唵
Readings
(Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)
- Go-on: おん (on)←おん (on, historical)←おむ (omu, ancient)
- Kan-on: あん (an)←あん (an, historical)←あむ (amu, ancient)
- Kun: ふくむ (fukumu, 唵む)
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 唵 |
| おん Hyōgai |
| on'yomi |
*/om/ → /omu/ → /oɴ/
From Middle Chinese 唵 ('omX), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit ॐ (oṃ).[1][2][3][4]
The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [õ̞ɴ]
Noun
唵 or 唵 • (on)
Interjection
唵 or 唵 • (on)
Derived terms
- 唵阿毘羅吽欠 (on abiraunken)
References
- ^ “唵”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ “唵”, in 改訂新版 世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
唵 • (am, om) (hangeul 암, 옴, revised am, om, McCune–Reischauer am, om)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
唵: Hán Nôm readings: án, úm, ướm, ngàn, ngạn