季

See also: 李

季	U+5B63, 季 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B63

← 孢
[U+5B62]

CJK Unified Ideographs

孤 →
[U+5B64]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

季 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹木弓木 (HDND), four-corner 2040₇, composition ⿱禾子)

Derived characters

㑧, 悸, 㳵, 㻑, 鯚(𱇺), 痵

Additional Derived Characters

𭈛, 𭎰, 𢯗, 𦁳, 𬠓, 𡳜, 𱋛, 𬫥, 𧇯, 𠃷, 𰻭, 𡮒, 𡦧, 𱢋

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 279, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6965
Dae Jaweon: page 547, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1013, character 5
Unihan data for U+5B63

Chinese

trad.		季
simp. ^#		季

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 季
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
季	*kʷids
悸	*ɡʷids
痵	*ɡʷids

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 禾 + 子.

Etymology

Etymology not clear (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jì (ji⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ji⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gwai³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gei¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kui

(Hailu, HRS): gui^ˇ

(Meixian, Guangdong): gi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): ji³
Eastern Min (BUC): gié
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi⁴ / kui⁴ / gui⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kùi

(Teochew, Peng'im): kui³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jì
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jì
  - Wade–Giles: chi⁴
  - Yale: jì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ji⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gwai³
  - Yale: gwai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: guei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐi̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kei³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kui
  - Hakka Romanization System: gui
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gui⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ku̯i⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: gui^ˇ
  - Sinological IPA: /kui¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ki⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ji³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gié
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiɛ²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gi⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gi̍
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki⁴²/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: kui⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ku̍i
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰui⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gui⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kui⁴²/

Note: kui4/gui4 - measure word (used for animals), approximately equivalent to "litter".

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kùi
  - Tâi-lô: kuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kuix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kui²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kui²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kui¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kui²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kui³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khùi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰui²¹³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 季
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕi⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕi⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕi⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕi²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕi⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕi³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕji²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕi³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕi²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡sz̩⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕi³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕi³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕi⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕy⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕi³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡ɕi⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/ki⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/kui⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kwɐi³³/
	Nanning	/kʷɐi³³/
	Hong Kong	/kwɐi³³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kui²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kiɛ²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ky³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kʰui²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ki³⁵/ /kui³⁵/

Middle Chinese: kjwijH

Rime
Character	季
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	脂 (16)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居悸切
Baxter	kjwijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kiuɪ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kjuɪ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwi^H/
Li Rong	/kui^H/
Wang Li	/kwi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kwi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷi[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʷids/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	季
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ kjwij^H ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷi[t]-s/
English	youngest
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	季
Reading #	1/1
No.	5832
Phonetic component
Rime group	至
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kʷids/
Notes	說文從稚省，王煦雲從𥝌（木曲頭，脂部古兮切）聲

Definitions

季

youngest brother
last period (of a dynasty, etc.)
清季 ― qīng jì ― end of the Qing dynasty
third and final month of a season in the lunar calendar
季春 ― jìchūn ― last month of spring
quarter of a year
season of the year
四季 ― sìjì ― four seasons

春季 ― chūnjì ― spring
period of time; season
雨季 ― yǔjì ― rainy season

淡季 ― dànjì ― low season
(broadcasting) season
Classifier for harvests.
一年三季稻 ― yī nián sān jì dào ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
a surname, Ji
季羨林／季羡林 ― Jì Xiànlín ― Ji Xianlin (Chinese Indologist and linguist)

Compounds

一年四季 (yīniánsìjì)
三季
乾季 / 干季 (gānjì)
伯仲叔季 (bózhòngshūjì)
伯歌季舞
冬季 (dōngjì)
冬季作物
冬季運動 / 冬季运动 (dōngjì yùndòng)
叔季 (shūjì)
單季田 / 单季田
單季稻 / 单季稻
四季 (sìjì)
四季如春 (sìjìrúchūn)
四季海棠
四季花兒 / 四季花儿
四季豆 (sìjìdòu)
夏季 (xiàjì)
夏季作物
夏季季風 / 夏季季风
季世 (jìshì)
季代
季候 (jìhòu)
季冬 (Jìdōng)
季刊 (jìkān)
季咸
季夏 (jìxià)
季女
季子
季子囊空
季子裘敝
季孟
季孟之間 / 季孟之间
季布一諾 / 季布一诺
季常之懼 / 季常之惧
季常癖
季年
季店 (Jìdiàn)
季度 (jìdù)
季春 (jìchūn)
季月 (jìyuè)
季札掛劍 / 季札挂剑
季母
季父 (jìfù)
季秋 (jìqiū)
季節 / 季节 (jìjié)
季節性 / 季节性 (jìjiéxìng)
季節洄游 / 季节洄游
季節遷徙 / 季节迁徙
季路
季軍 / 季军 (jìjūn)
季陵溝 / 季陵沟 (Jìlínggōu)
季雅買鄰 / 季雅买邻
季風 / 季风 (jìfēng)
季風氣候 / 季风气候
展季
山牧季移 (shānmùjìyí)
換季 / 换季 (huànjì)
旱季 (hànjì)
旺季 (wàngjì)
昆季
春季 (chūnjì)
月季 (yuèjì)
月季花 (yuèjìhuā)
月鍛季煉 / 月锻季炼
東南季風 / 东南季风
淡季 (dànjì)
澆季 / 浇季
秋季 (qiūjì)
考季
花季
藝術季 / 艺术季
西北季風 / 西北季风
西南季風 / 西南季风
諸季 / 诸季
雙季稻 / 双季稻 (shuāngjìdào)
雨季 (yǔjì)
黃梅季 / 黄梅季 (huángméijì)

Japanese

Kanji

季

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

season

Readings

Go-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
Kun: すえ (sue, 季)、とき (toki)

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
季
き Grade: 4
on'yomi

(Tokyo) き [kíꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [kʲi]

Affix

季(き) • (ki)

Korean

Hanja

季 (eumhun 끝 계 (kkeut gye))

hanja form^? of 계 (“end, final”)
hanja form^? of 계 (“season”)

Vietnamese

Han character

季: Hán Nôm readings: quý, quí, cuối, quỳ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.