斫

斫	U+65AB, 斫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65AB

← 斪
[U+65AA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

斬 →
[U+65AC]

Translingual

Han character

斫 (Kangxi radical 69, 斤+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一口竹一中 (MRHML), four-corner 1262₁, composition ⿰石斤)

cut, chop, lop off

Derived characters

𬗩, 𦳵, 𥯩, 𮀰

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 479, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13548
Dae Jaweon: page 838, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2024, character 3
Unihan data for U+65AB

Chinese

simp. and trad.		斫
alternative forms		斲斵／斫剁 Hokkien; Teochew 捉 Shanghainese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 斫
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (石) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
柘	*tjaɡs
妬	*taːɡs
蠹	*taːɡs
沰	taːɡ, tʰaːɡ
拓	tʰaːɡ, tjaɡ
橐	*tʰaːɡ
袥	*tʰaːɡ
驝	tʰaːɡ, raːɡ
斫	*tjaɡ
磭	ŋrɯnʔ, ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ
磔	*rtaːɡ
跖	*tjaɡ
石	*djaɡ
碩	*djaɡ
祏	*djaɡ
鉐	*djaɡ
鼫	*djaɡ

Etymology

Perhaps related to 觸 (OC *tʰjoɡ, “to butt, knock against”); see there for more (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhuó (zhuo²)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoek³
Northern Min (KCR): dǔ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chiok / chioh

(Teochew, Peng'im): dog⁴
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷keq; ⁷tsoq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhuó
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhuó
  - Wade–Giles: cho²
  - Yale: jwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwo
  - Palladius: чжо (čžo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zoek³
  - Yale: jeuk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoek⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêg³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœːk̚³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǔ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiok
  - Tâi-lô: tsiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciog
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chioh
  - Tâi-lô: tsioh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cioiq
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡sioʔ³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɤʔ³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tok̚²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷keq; ⁷tsoq
  - MiniDict: keh^入; tsoh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴keq; ⁴tsoq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kəʔ⁵⁵/, /t͡soʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsyak

Rime
Character	斫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	藥 (107)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	之若切
Baxter	tsyak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨɐk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɐk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cɨak̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiak̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭak̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ak̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoek³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tak/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjaɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	斫
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhuó
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyak ›
Old Chinese	/*tak/
English	cut, hack
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	斫
Reading #	1/1
No.	11464
Phonetic component	石
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	灼
Old Chinese	/*tjaɡ/

Definitions

斫

(literary) to hack; to chop
- 遂命僕人過湘江，緣染溪，斫榛莽，焚茅茷，窮山之高而止。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  遂命仆人过湘江，缘染溪，斫榛莽，焚茅茷，穷山之高而止。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 809, Liu Zongyuan, 始得西山宴遊記
  Suì mìng púrén guò Xiāngjiāng, yuán Rǎnxī, zhuó zhēnmǎng, fén máo pèi, qióng shān zhī gāo ér zhǐ. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 砍 (“to chop; to hack”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		砍
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	砍
	Taiwan	砍
	Singapore	砍, 斬
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	砍
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	砍
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	砍
	Wuhan	砍, 剁
	Guilin	砍
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	砍, 㓠
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	砍
Cantonese	Guangzhou	斬
	Hong Kong	斬
	Yangjiang	并
	Beihai	斬
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	斬
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	斬
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	斬
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	斬
	Singapore (Guangfu)	斬
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	斬
	Móng Cái	斬
Gan	Nanchang	砍, 剁
Hakka	Meixian	斬, 砍
Jin	Taiyuan	砍
Northern Min	Jian'ou	砍, 斫
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	剉, 鍘
Southern Min	Xiamen	鏨, 砍, 斲, 刜
	Quanzhou	鏨, 斲
	Zhangzhou	鏨, 斲, 刜
	Taipei	鏨
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	鏨
	Kaohsiung	鏨
	Yilan	鏨
	Changhua (Lukang)	鏨
	Taichung	鏨, 斲
	Tainan	鏨
	Hsinchu	鏨, 斲
	Kinmen	鏨
	Penghu (Magong)	鏨
	Penang (Hokkien)	鏨
	Singapore (Hokkien)	斲, 斬
	Manila (Hokkien)	鏨
	Chaozhou	斬, 斲
	Shantou	斬
	Jieyang	斬, 斲
	Singapore (Teochew)	斲
	Pontianak (Teochew)	斬
Wu	Suzhou	㔍
Wu	Wenzhou	剉, 剁
Xiang	Changsha	砍, 剁
Xiang	Shuangfeng	剁, 砍

Compounds

匠石斫鼻
摧花斫柳
斫伐
斫地
斫手
斫斷 / 斫断
斫殺 / 斫杀
斫營 / 斫营
斫蜋
斫輪老手 / 斫轮老手
斫雕為樸 / 斫雕为朴
斫頭 / 斫头
斫鱠 / 斫鲙
斫鼻
斬斫 / 斩斫

Japanese

Kanji

斫

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: しゃく (shaku)
Kan-on: しゃく (shaku)
Kun: きる (kiru, 斫る)

Korean

Hanja

斫 (eum 작 (jak))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

斫: Hán Nôm readings: chước, trác

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.