死者

Chinese

		to die; impassable; uncrossable to die; impassable; uncrossable; inflexible; rigid	‑ist, ‑er (person); person (who does something)
trad. (死者)		死	者
simp. ^#(死者)		死	者

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sǐzhě

(Zhuyin): ㄙˇ ㄓㄜˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sei² ze²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sí-chá
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sí-chiá

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sǐzhě [Phonetic: sízhě]
  - Zhuyin: ㄙˇ ㄓㄜˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sǐhjhě
  - Wade–Giles: ssŭ³-chê³
  - Yale: sž-jě
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syyjee
  - Palladius: сычжэ (syčžɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sei² ze²
  - Yale: séi jé
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sei² dze²
  - Guangdong Romanization: séi² zé²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sei̯³⁵ t͡sɛː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sí-chá
  - Hakka Romanization System: xi^ˋ za^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xi³ za³
  - Sinological IPA: /si³¹ t͡sa³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sí-chiá
  - Tâi-lô: sí-tsiá
  - Phofsit Daibuun: syciar
  - IPA (Xiamen): /si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sia⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /si⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sia⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sia⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /si⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sia⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: sijX tsyaeX

Rime
Character	死	者
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	息姊切	章也切
Baxter	sijX	tsyaeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sˠiɪ^X/	/t͡ɕia^X/
Pan Wuyun	/sᵚi^X/	/t͡ɕia^X/
Shao Rongfen	/siɪ^X/	/t͡ɕia^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sji^X/	/cia^X/
Li Rong	/sji^X/	/t͡ɕia^X/
Wang Li	/si^X/	/t͡ɕĭa^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si^X/	/t͡ɕi̯a^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sǐ	zhě
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si²	ze²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*sijʔ tAʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*hljiʔ tjaːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	死	者
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sǐ	zhě
Middle Chinese	‹ sij^X ›	‹ tsyæ^X ›
Old Chinese	/*sijʔ/	/*tAʔ/
English	die (v.)	(nominalizing particle)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	死	者
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	12006	16960
Phonetic component	死	者
Rime group	脂	魚
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	死	者
Old Chinese	/*hljiʔ/	/*tjaːʔ/
Notes		說文古旅聲。甲金文象足印小坎積水，爲瀦初文，用詹鄞鑫說

Noun

死者

the dead; the deceased; the departed
- 亡國不可以復存，死者不可以復生。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  亡国不可以复存，死者不可以复生。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: The Art of War, circa 5^th century BCE
  Wángguó bù kěyǐ fù cún, sǐzhě bù kěyǐ fùshēng. [Pinyin]
  The perished states cannot be refounded, and the dead cannot come back to life.

Synonyms

edit

亡人 (wángrén) (literary)
亡者 (wángzhě) (literary)
往生者 (wǎngshēngzhě) (Buddhism, euphemism)
故人 (gùrén) (literary)
死人 (sǐrén)
瓜碼子 / 瓜码子 (gua¹ ma³ zr) (Xiang)
聖人 / 圣人 (Hokkien, euphemism)
逝者 (shìzhě) (literary)

Antonyms

生者 (shēngzhě)

Derived terms

死者數 / 死者数 (sǐzhěshù)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (死者):

→ Japanese: 死(し)者(しゃ) (shisha)
→ Korean: 사자(死者) (saja)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
死	者
し Grade: 3	しゃ Grade: 3
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

Etymology

From Sinitic. Date of borrowing unknown. Compare modern Chinese 死者 (sǐzhě).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ししゃ [shíꜜshà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕiɕa̠]

Noun

死(し)者(しゃ) • (shisha)

a dead person, the dead
死(し)者(しゃ)の神(かみ)、エレボス
Shisha no Kami, Erebosu
Erebus, God of the Dead

Synonyms

See Thesaurus:死人

References

^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

[ZAJ-1] Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

[1]

Chinese

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Japanese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

See also

References