U+795E, 神
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-795E

[U+795D]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+795F]

U+FA19, 神
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA19

[U+FA18]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FA1A]

Translingual

Stroke order (Mainland China)

Han character

(Kangxi radical 113, 示+5, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 戈火中田中 (IFLWL), four-corner 35206, composition (GHTJV) or (K or U+FA19))

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 842, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24673
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1261, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2392, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+795E

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𥙍
𥛠

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hlin): semantic (god; deity) + phonetic (OC *hlin, lightning).

Originally in the oracle bone script and in some bronze inscriptions. The ancients feared the unpredictable lightning and considered it to be divine or of divine origin. was added for specialization.

Etymology 1

Possibly Sino-Tibetan; compare Chepang ग्‍लीङ्‌ह (gliŋh, spirit, mind, soul) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note: sêng5 - Jieyang.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʂən³⁵/
Harbin /ʂən²⁴/
Tianjin /ʂən⁴⁵/
/sən⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʂẽ⁴²/
Qingdao /ʃə̃⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʂən⁴²/
Xi'an /ʂẽ²⁴/
Xining /ʂə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂəŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʂə̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /sən²¹³/
Chengdu /sən³¹/
Guiyang /sen²¹/
Kunming /ʂə̃³¹/
Nanjing /ʂən²⁴/
Hefei /ʂən⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /səŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ʂəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /sə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zəŋ²³/
Suzhou /zən¹³/
Hangzhou /zen²¹³/
Wenzhou /zaŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕiʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕian⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʂən¹³/
Xiangtan /ʂən¹²/
Gan Nanchang /sɨn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sən¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʃen¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐn²¹/
Nanning /sɐn²¹/
Hong Kong /sɐn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sin³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /siŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /seiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /siŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tin³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (27)
Final () (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter zyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʑiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʑin/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʑjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʑin/
Li
Rong
/d͡ʑiĕn/
Wang
Li
/d͡ʑĭĕn/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/d͡ʑʰi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shén
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
san4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shén
Middle
Chinese
‹ zyin ›
Old
Chinese
/*Cə.li[n]/
English spirit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 11245
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*hlin/

Definitions

  1. (religion) god; deity; spirit
      ―  shénwèi  ―  spirit tablet
      ―  cáishén  ―  god of wealth
      ―  shén  ―  god of death
    守護守护  ―  shǒuhùshén  ―  tutelary deity
      ―  shénlùn  ―  atheism
      ―  shénjiào  ―  monotheism
    1. (Protestantism, specifically) God
  2. spirit; soul; mind
      ―  hàoshén  ―  to consume one's energy
  3. expression; countenance; appearance
      ―  yǎnshén  ―  expression in one's eyes
  4. supernatural; magic; psychic
      ―  shén  ―  wizard; sorcerer
  5. extraordinary; unbelievable; sublime
      ―  shéntóng  ―  child prodigy
  6. (dialectal) smart; clever
    小孩兒 [MSC, trad.]
    小孩儿 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè xiǎohái'ér tài shén le. [Pinyin]
    This kid is really smart.
  7. (neologism) godlike, awesome, amazing
    走位  ―  shén zǒuwèi  ―  godlike movement
    回覆  ―  shén huífù  ―  awesome reply
    操作  ―  shén cāozuò  ―  amazing handling
  8. a surname, Shen
  9. (neologism, Internet slang) Sinophobe of Chinese nationality
Synonyms
  • (god):

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (しん) (shin)
  • Korean: 신(神) (sin)
  • Vietnamese: thần ()

Others:

Etymology 2

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. only used in 神荼 (Shēnshū)

References

Japanese

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai
[1]


&#xFA19;
or
+&#xFE00;?
神󠄀
+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
神󠄃
+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanjishinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form )

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
かみ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

⟨kami2 → */kamɨ//kami/

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kamui.

Not related to (kami1 → kami, top, upper) or (kami, hair).

Often appears in compounds as kamu- or kan-, indicating that kami is an unbound form deriving from */kamui/. Such apophony has occurred in other Japanese terms, such as (me, ma-, eye) or (sake, saka-, sake, liquor). See also WT:AJPX#Standalone forms and combining forms.

Compare Korean (geom, god, spirit) and Ainu カムイ (kamuy, god).

Pronunciation

Noun

(かみ) • (kami

  1. (Shinto) a spirit or an essence present in all things, the main subject of worship of Shinto
  2. (by extension, religion) a deity, god
  3. (by extension) thunder
  4. a Shinto shrine
  5. a person of outstanding talent or skill
  6. (Internet slang, attributive) something amazing; great; fantastic; awesome
    (かみ)(きょく)kamikyokuamazing song
    (かみ)ゲーkamiamazing game
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:神.

Derived terms
Descendants

Proper noun

(かみ) • (Kami

  1. (Christianity) God
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:神.

See also

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
しん
Grade: 3
kan'on
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese (MC zyin). Compare modern Mandarin (shén).

Pronunciation

Noun

(しん) • (shin

  1. (religion) a deity, god, kami
  2. a mysterious or incomprehensible force, compare English act of God
  3. a mind, soul, spirit
  4. short for 神道 (shintō): Shinto
Derived terms

Affix

(しん) • (shin

  1. deity, god, kami
  2. mysterious or incomprehensible force
  3. mind, soul, spirit
  4. short for 神道 (shintō): Shinto
  5. short for 神戸 (Kōbe, Kōbe (a city in Japan))
    阪神(はんしん) (hanshin)
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
じん
Grade: 3
goon
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese (MC zyin).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [d͡ʑĩɴ]

Noun

(じん) • (jin

  1. (rare) Same as しん (shin) above

Affix

(じん) • (jin

  1. deity, god, kami
  2. mysterious or incomprehensible force
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
irregular
Alternative spellings
(kyūjitai)

⟨mi1 → */mʲi//mi/

From Old Japanese.

Cognate with (mi-), an honorific prefix originally used to refer to gods and other high-status objects.

Noun

() • (mi

  1. (rare) a god or spirit
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ ”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC zyin). Recorded as Middle Korean (sin) (Yale: sin) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

(eumhun 귀신 (gwisin sin))

  1. hanja form? of (ghost; spirit; phantom; god)

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

Okinawan

Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanjishinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form )

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
かみ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Proto-Ryukyuan *kami.

Pronunciation

Noun

(かみ) (kami

  1. a spirit or an essence present in all things
  2. a god, deity

References


Old Japanese

Compounds

Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic *kamuy.

Can be parsed as a compound of bound apophonic (kamu) +‎ (i, emphatic nominative particle).

Noun

(kami2) (kana かみ)

  1. a spirit or an essence present in all things
  2. a god, deity
  3. (by extension) an Emperor or Empress regnant of Japan
  4. an evil spirit, such as a snake or wild beast
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:神.

Derived terms
Descendants
  • Japanese: (kami)

Etymology 2

Cognate with (mi1-), an honorific prefix originally used to refer to gods and other high-status objects.

Alternative forms

Noun

(mi1) (kana )

  1. (rare) a god or spirit
Derived terms
  • 山祇 (yamatumi1)
  • 海神 (watatumi1)
Descendants

Vietnamese

Chữ Hán

: Hán Việt readings: thần[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: thần[1][2], thằn[1], thườn[3]

Noun

• (thần)

  1. chữ Hán form of thần
    1. deity
    2. heavenly beings
    3. mind; spirit; look; expression; mien

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. 3.0 3.1 Trần (2004).