신

신 U+C2E0, 신
HANGUL SYLLABLE SIN
Composition:ㅅ + ㅣ + ㄴ
← 싟
[U+C2DF] 		Hangul Syllables 싡 →
[U+C2E1]
시식싞싟신싡싢
싣실싥싦싧싨싩
싪싫심십싮싯싰
싱싲싳싴싵싶싷
싀 ←→ 싸

Korean

Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 神 (“spirit”).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?sin
Revised Romanization (translit.)?sin
McCune–Reischauer?sin
Yale Romanization?sin

Noun

신 • (sin) (hanja 神)

  1. god, deity
    Hypernyms: 남신(男神) (namsin), 여신(女神) (yeosin)
  2. (monotheism) God
  3. spirit; departed soul
    • 1961, “Genesis 1:2”, in 개역한글판 성경 [gaeyeokhan'geulpan seonggyeong, Bible: Korean Revised Version]:
      땅이 혼돈하고 공허하며 흑암이 깊음 위에 있고 하나님의 신은 수면에 운행하시니라
      ttang-i hondon-hago gongheo-hamyeo heugam-i gipeum wi-e itgo hananim-ui sin-eun sumyeon-e unhaeng-hasinira
      And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.
      (English: King James Version translation)
Usage notes
  • (monotheistic God): Most often used to refer to the theological and philosophical concept of God. When invoked in prayer, worship, etc., 하느님 (haneunim, “lord of heaven”) and 하나님 (hananim, “one lord”) are preferred.
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 臣.

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?sin
Revised Romanization (translit.)?sin
McCune–Reischauer?sin
Yale Romanization?sin

Noun

신 • (sin) (hanja 臣)

  1. (literary or formal) someone who serves a monarch: a retainer, subject

Pronoun

신 • (sin) (hanja 臣)

  1. (historical) Used by a man to refer to oneself when addressing a monarch; your servant, your humble servant
    Coordinate terms: 신첩(臣妾) (sincheop), 소첩(小妾) (socheop)

Derived terms

Etymology 3

First attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Middle Korean 신〮 (Yale: sín). Likely related to Old Korean 洗 (*sen).[1]

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?sin
Revised Romanization (translit.)?sin
McCune–Reischauer?sin
Yale Romanization?sin

Noun

신 • (sin)

  1. shoes; footgear
    Synonym: (more common) 신발 (sinbal)
    신을 벗고 들어가시오. ― Sin-eul beotgo deureogasio. ― Do not enter with shoes on.
Derived terms
  • 가죽신 (gajuksin)
  • 갖신 (gatsin)
  • 고까신 (gokkasin)
  • 고무신 (gomusin)
  • 꼬까신 (kkokkasin)
  • 꽃신 (kkotsin)
  • 끌신 (kkeulsin)
  • 나막신 (namaksin)
  • 눈신 (nunsin)
  • 덧신 (deotsin)
  • 발막신 (balmaksin)
  • 베틀신 (beteulsin)
  • 신발 (sinbal)
  • 신볼 (sinbol)
  • 신소리 (sinsori)
  • 신주머니 (sinjumeoni)
  • 신짚 (sinjip)
  • 신짝 (sinjjak)
  • 신창 (sinchang)
  • 죽신 (juksin)
  • 짚신 (jipsin)
  • 짝신 (jjaksin)
  • 코신 (kosin)
  • 털신 (teolsin)
  • 헝겊신 (heonggeopsin)
  • 흙신 (heuksin)
References
  1. ^ Vovin, Alexander (2013) “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics‎[1], volume 15, number 2 (PDF), John Benjamins Publishing Company, →DOI, pages 222-240

Etymology 4

Of native Korean origin.

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?sin
Revised Romanization (translit.)?sin
McCune–Reischauer?sin
Yale Romanization?sin

Noun

신 • (sin)

  1. joy; delight; amusement
    Synonym: 흥(興) (heung)
    관중들은 아주 신이 났었다. ― Gwanjung-deur-eun aju sin-i nasseotda. ― The audience was frantic with joy.
Derived terms

Etymology 5

Borrowed from English scene.

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?sin
Revised Romanization (translit.)?sin
McCune–Reischauer?ssin
Yale Romanization?qsin

Noun

신 • (sin)

  1. scene (in a show, movie, drama, play, etc.)
    Synonym: 장면(場面) (jangmyeon)
    감동적인 신이었다. ― Gamdongjeog-in sin-ieotda. ― It was a moving scene.

Etymology 6

Sino-Korean word from 腎.

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɕʰi(ː)n]
  • Phonetic hangul: [신(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?sin
Revised Romanization (translit.)?sin
McCune–Reischauer?sin
Yale Romanization?sīn

Noun

신 • (sin) (hanja 腎)

  1. short for 신장(腎臟) (sinjang, “(anatomy) kidney”)
Derived terms

Etymology 7

Sino-Korean word from 信.

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɕʰi(ː)n]
  • Phonetic hangul: [신(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?sin
Revised Romanization (translit.)?sin
McCune–Reischauer?sin
Yale Romanization?sīn

Noun

신 • (sin) (hanja 信)

  1. (literary or formal) trustworthiness
Derived terms

Etymology 8

Sino-Korean word from 辛

Noun

신 • (sin) (hanja 辛)

  1. the eighth of the ten heavenly stems
Coordinate terms
one of ten heavenly stems

Etymology 9

Sino-Korean word from 新.

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?sin
Revised Romanization (translit.)?sin
McCune–Reischauer?sin
Yale Romanization?sin

Prefix

신— • (sin-) (hanja 新)

  1. new, latest, modern, novel; neo-
    Antonym: 구(舊)- (gu-, “old; former”)
    ‎신(新) (sin) + ‎기록(記錄) (girok, “record”) → ‎신기록(新記錄) (sin'girok, “new record”)
Derived terms
See also
  • 새 (sae, “new”, determiner)

Etymology 10

See the main entry.

Adjective

신 • (sin)

  1. present adnominal of 시다 (sida, “to be sour”): sour, acid, tart

Etymology 11

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

Syllable

신 • (sin)

More information
  1. 身: body
    (eumhun reading: 몸 신 (mom sin))
    (MC reading: 身 (MC syin))
  2. 申: to extend
    (eumhun reading: 펼칠 신 (pyeolchil sin))
    (MC reading: 申 (MC syin))
  3. 神: spirit; god
    (eumhun reading: 귀신 신 (gwisin sin))
    (MC reading: 神 (MC zyin))
  4. 臣: one who serves
    (eumhun reading: 신하 신 (sinha sin))
    (MC reading: 臣 (MC dzyin))
  5. 信: believe; trust
    (eumhun reading: 믿을 신 (mideul sin))
    (MC reading: 信 (MC sinH))
  6. 辛: bitter; toilsome
    (eumhun reading: 매울 신 (mae'ul sin))
    (MC reading: 辛 (MC sin))
  7. 新: new
    (eumhun reading: 새 신 (sae sin))
    (MC reading: 新 (MC sin))
  8. 伸:
    (MC reading: 伸 (MC syin))
  9. 晨:
    (MC reading: 晨 (MC dzyin|zyin))
  10. 愼:
    (MC reading: 愼 (MC dzyinH))
  11. 紳:
    (MC reading: 紳 (MC syin))
  12. 莘:
    (MC reading: 莘 (MC srin))
  13. 薪:
    (MC reading: 薪 (MC sin))
  14. 迅:
    (MC reading: 迅 (MC sinH))
  15. 訊:
    (MC reading: 訊 (MC sinH))
  16. 侁:
    (MC reading: 侁 (MC srin))
  17. 呻:
    (MC reading: 呻 (MC syin))
  18. 娠: with child
    (eumhun reading: 아이 밸 신 (ai bael sin))
    (MC reading: 娠 (MC syin))
  19. 宸:
    (MC reading: 宸 (MC dzyin))
  20. 燼:
    (MC reading: 燼 (MC zinH))
  21. 腎: kidney
    (eumhun reading: 콩팥 신 (kongpat sin))
    (MC reading: 腎 (MC dzyinX))
  22. 藎:
    (MC reading: 藎 (MC zinH))
  23. 蜃:
    (MC reading: 蜃 (MC dzyinX|dzyinH))
  24. 辰: time
    (eumhun reading: 때 신 (ttae sin))
    (MC reading: 辰 (MC dzyin))
  25. 璶:
    (MC reading: 璶)
  26. 哂:
    (MC reading: 哂 (MC syinX))
  27. 囟:
    (MC reading: 囟 (MC sinH))
  28. 姺:
    (MC reading: 姺 (MC srin))
  29. 汛:
    (MC reading: 汛 (MC sinH))
  30. 矧:
    (MC reading: 矧 (MC syinX))
  31. 脤:
    (MC reading: 脤 (MC dzyinX))
  32. 贐:
    (MC reading: 贐)
  33. 頣:
    (MC reading: 頣 (MC syinX))
  34. 駪:
    (MC reading: 駪 (MC srin))
  35. 兟:
    (MC reading: 兟 (MC srin))
  36. 吲:
    (MC reading: 吲)
  37. 噺:
    (MC reading: 噺)
  38. 妽:
    (MC reading: 妽)
  39. 㜪:
    (MC reading: 㜪 (MC srin))
  40. 屾:
    (MC reading: 屾 (MC srin))
  41. 峷:
    (MC reading: 峷)
  42. 抻:
    (MC reading: 抻 (MC syinH))
  43. 柛:
    (MC reading: 柛 (MC syin))
  44. 榊:
    (MC reading: 榊)
  45. 氠:
    (MC reading: 氠)
  46. 烥:
    (MC reading: 烥)
  47. 燊:
    (MC reading: 燊 (MC srin))
  48. 珅:
    (MC reading: 珅)
  49. 甡:
    (MC reading: 甡 (MC srin))
  50. 眒:
    (MC reading: 眒 (MC syin|syinH))
  51. 砷:
    (MC reading: 砷)
  52. 祳:
    (MC reading: 祳 (MC dzyinX))
  53. 笉:
    (MC reading: 笉 (MC tshinX))
  54. 籸:
    (MC reading: 籸 (MC srin))
  55. 胂:
    (MC reading: 胂 (MC syin))
  56. 蜄:
    (MC reading: 蜄)
  57. 賮:
    (MC reading: 賮 (MC zinH))
  58. 䢻:
    (MC reading: 䢻 (MC dzyin|tsyinH))
  59. 鋠:
    (MC reading: 鋠 (MC dzyinX))
  60. 阠:
    (MC reading: 阠 (MC srin|sinH|syinH))
  61. 震:
    (MC reading: 震 (MC tsyinH))
  62. 顖:
    (MC reading: 顖 (MC sinH))
  63. 鯓:
    (MC reading: 鯓)
  64. 鷐:
    (MC reading: 鷐 (MC dzyin))
  65. 麎:
    (MC reading: 麎 (MC dzyin))

Middle Korean

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sín/

Noun

신〮 (sín)

  1. shoe; footgear

Descendants

  • Korean: 신 (sin)
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