母語
See also: 母语
Chinese
female; mother | speech; language; dialect speech; language; dialect; tell to | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (母語) | 母 | 語 | |
simp. (母语) | 母 | 语 |
Etymology
Calque of English mother tongue.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): mou5 jyu5
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): mū-ngṳ̄
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bieo3 gy3
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bú-gí / bú-gú / bó-gí / bó-gú / bió-gír
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6mu-gniu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: mǔyǔ [Phonetic: múyǔ]
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˇ ㄩˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mǔyǔ
- Wade–Giles: mu3-yü3
- Yale: mǔ-yǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muuyeu
- Palladius: муюй (mujuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: mou5 jyu5
- Yale: móuh yúh
- Cantonese Pinyin: mou5 jy5
- Guangdong Romanization: mou5 yu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /mou̯¹³ jyː¹³/
- Homophones:
母乳
母語 / 母语
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mû-ngî
- Hakka Romanization System: muˊ ngiˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: mu1 ngi1
- Sinological IPA: /mu²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: muˋ ngiˋ
- Sinological IPA: /mu⁵³ ŋi⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bieo3 gy3 [Phonetic: bieo5 gy3]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bâ̤u-gṳ̂
- Sinological IPA (key): /pieu⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ky⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bieo3 gy3 [Phonetic: bieo5 gy3]
- Sinological IPA (key): /pieu³³²⁻²¹ ky³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bú-gí
- Tâi-lô: bú-gí
- Phofsit Daibuun: bw'gie
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bú-gú
- Tâi-lô: bú-gú
- Phofsit Daibuun: bw'guo
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó-gí
- Tâi-lô: bó-gí
- Phofsit Daibuun: boy'gie
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó-gú
- Tâi-lô: bó-gú
- Phofsit Daibuun: boy'guo
- IPA (Taipei): /bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bió-gír
- Tâi-lô: bió-gír
- IPA (Quanzhou): /bio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
- Wu
Noun
母語
- mother tongue; native language; first language
- ancestral language
- 2003, 林濤, 中亞東干語研究, page 20:
- 據說在1990年成立全蘇東干族協會時,吉爾吉斯斯坦南方的奧什回回因爲不會講陝甘寧方言而嚎啕大哭,痛惜自己丟失了母語。 [MSC, trad.]
- Jùshuō zài 1990 nián chénglì quánsū dōnggānzú xiéhuì shí, jí'ěrjísīsītǎn nánfāng de àoshén huíhuí yīnwèi bùhuì jiǎng shǎngānníng fāngyán ér háotáodàkū, tòngxī zìjǐ diūshī le mǔyǔ. [Pinyin]
- It is said that during the 1990 formation of the All-Soviet Dungan Association, Hui of Osh in southern Kyrgyzstan, unable to speak their Shaan-Gan-Ning dialect, cried most terribly, lamenting the loss of their native language.
据说在1990年成立全苏东干族协会时,吉尔吉斯斯坦南方的奥什回回因为不会讲陕甘宁方言而嚎啕大哭,痛惜自己丢失了母语。 [MSC, simp.]
- official mandated language of one's ethnic group
Antonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
- “母語”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
母 | 語 |
ぼ Grade: 2 |
ご Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Calque of English mother tongue.[2]
Noun
母語 • (bogo)
- a first language, a mother tongue, a native tongue, a native language
- 英語を母語として話す人。
- Eigo o bogo to shite hanasu hito.
- A native speaker of English.
- 2009, Okada, Hideo [岡田英夫], 日本語教育能力検定試験に合格するための基礎知識 [Fundamentals for Passing the JLPT][1], revised edition, page 24:
- 母語と教科学習のいずれも犠牲にしない第二言語獲得の方式として世界各地に広まり、日本でも一部で、英語イマージョン教育が取り入れられています。
- Bogo to kyōka gakushū no izure mo gisei ni shinai daini gengo kakutoku no hōshiki to shite sekai kakuchi ni hiromari, Nihon de mo ichibu de, Eigo imājon kyōiku ga toriirerarete imasu.
- Around the world, and in some parts of Japan, English immersion is becoming a widespread method of second language acquisition which sacrifices neither one's mother tongue nor traditional education.
- 母語と教科学習のいずれも犠牲にしない第二言語獲得の方式として世界各地に広まり、日本でも一部で、英語イマージョン教育が取り入れられています。
- 英語を母語として話す人。
Synonyms
- 母国語 (bokokugo)
Etymology 2
Calque of French langue mère, or of German Ursprache.[2]
Noun
母語 • (bogo)
- (linguistics, uncommon) a proto-language, a mother language (from which later daughter languages evolve)
Usage notes
In this sense, 母語 (bogo) has been largely superseded by the term 祖語 (sogo, literally “ancestral language”).
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
母 | 語 |
Noun
母語 • (mo'eo or McCune-Reischauer: moŏ or Yale: mōe) (hangeul 모어)
- hanja form? of 모어 (“native language”)