波蘭

See also: 波兰

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (波蘭)		波	蘭
simp. (波兰)		波	兰

Etymology

From English Poland.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Bōlán

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄛㄌㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bo¹ laan⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Pô-làn

(Meixian, Guangdong): bo¹ lan²
Eastern Min (BUC): Pŏ̤-làng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Pho-lân / Po-lan / Pho-lan

(Teochew, Peng'im): bo¹ lang⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹pu-le

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Bōlán
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛㄌㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Bolán
  - Wade–Giles: Po¹-lan²
  - Yale: Bwō-lán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Bolan
  - Palladius: Болань (Bolanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ län³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: bo¹ laan⁴
  - Yale: bō làahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bo¹ laan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: bo¹ lan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔː⁵⁵ laːn²¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    波瀾 / 波澜
    波蘭 / 波兰
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Pô-làn
  - Hakka Romanization System: bo^ˊ lan^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bo¹ lan²
  - Sinological IPA: /po²⁴ lan¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: bo¹ lan²
  - Sinological IPA: /po⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lan¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Pŏ̤-làng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰo⁵⁵ l̃aŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pho-lân
  - Tâi-lô: Pho-lân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoilaan
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰo⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰo³³ lan²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Po-lan
  - Tâi-lô: Po-lan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poilafn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /po⁴⁴⁻²² lan⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pho-lan
  - Tâi-lô: Pho-lan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoilafn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰo⁴⁴⁻²² lan⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bo¹ lang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: po lâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po³³⁻²³ laŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹pu-le
  - MiniDict: pu^平 le
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹pu-le
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pu⁵⁵ le²¹/

Proper noun

波蘭

Poland (a country in Central Europe)
- 1848, 徐繼畬 [Xu Jiyu], editor, 瀛寰志略, volume 4, page 31:
  
  加爾祿斯以康熙三十八年嗣位，年十八，血氣方剛銳於戰，以兵侵波蘭，割其境土之半。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  加尔禄斯以康熙三十八年嗣位，年十八，血气方刚锐于战，以兵侵波兰，割其境土之半。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  Jiā'ěrlùsī yǐ kāngxī sānshíbā nián sìwèi, nián shíbā, xuèqìfānggāng ruì yú zhàn, yǐ bīng qīn bōlán, gē qí jìngtǔ zhī bàn. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1910, 吳趼人 [Wu Jianren], chapter 22, in 二十年目睹之怪現狀 [Bizarre Happenings Eyewitnessed over Two Decades]:
  
  俄羅斯滅了波蘭，他在波蘭行的政令，第一件，不許波蘭人說波蘭話，還不許用波蘭文字。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  俄罗斯灭了波兰，他在波兰行的政令，第一件，不许波兰人说波兰话，还不许用波兰文字。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  Éluósī miè le Bōlán, tā zài Bōlán xíng de zhènglìng, dì yī jiàn, bùxǔ Bōlánrén shuō Bōlánhuà, hái bùxǔ yòng Bōlán wénzì. [Pinyin]
  Russia has destroyed Poland and one of its first decrees was that the Poles couldn't speak Polish or use Polish letters.

Derived terms

波蘭人 / 波兰人 (bōlánrén)
波蘭球 / 波兰球 (bōlánqiú)
波蘭語 / 波兰语 (Bōlányǔ)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (波蘭):

→ Korean: 파란(波蘭) (Paran)
→ Vietnamese: Ba Lan (波蘭)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
波	蘭
ぽー Grade: 3	らんど Jinmeiyō
irregular

Etymology

The kanji are ateji (当て字), from Chinese 波蘭 / 波兰 (Bōlán).

Proper noun

波蘭(ポーランド) • (Pōrando)

obsolete spelling of ポーランド (“Poland”)

Korean

Hanja in this term
波	蘭

Proper noun

波蘭 • (Paran) (hangeul 파란)

hanja form^? of 파란 (“Poland”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
波	蘭

Proper noun

波蘭

chữ Hán form of Ba Lan (“Poland (a country in Central Europe)”)