潛

See also: 潜 and 濳
潛 U+6F5B, 潛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F5B
← 潚
[U+6F5A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 潜 →
[U+6F5C]

Translingual

Han character

潛 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水一山日 (EMUA), four-corner 34161, composition ⿰氵朁)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 649, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18240
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1059, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1740, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6F5B

Chinese

trad. 潛
simp. 潜
2nd round simp. 汘

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 潛
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (兓) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
簪 *ʔsɯːm, *ʔsrɯm
撍 *ʔsluːm, *ʔsluːmʔ, *ʔsluːms, *ʔsrum
鐕 *ʔsluːm
憯 *sʰluːmʔ, *sʰlɯːmʔ
噆 *sʰluːmʔ, *ʔsluːb
朁 *sʰlɯːmʔ, *zlam
蠶 *zluːm
蚕 *zluːm, *hl'iːnʔ
糣 *sluːmʔ
熸 *ʔslom
鬵 *zlam, *zɯm, *ljɯm
灊 *zlam, *zɯm, *ljɯm
潛 *zlom, *zloms
僭 *ʔslɯːms
兓 *sl'ɯm
嶜 *zlum
兂 *ʔsrɯm
譖 *ʔsrums

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zlom, *zloms): semantic 水 + phonetic 朁 (OC *sʰlɯːmʔ, *zlam).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 潛 潛
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 從 (15) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 鹽 (153) 鹽 (153)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 昨鹽切 慈豔切
Baxter dzjem dzjemH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ziᴇm/ /d͡ziᴇmH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ziɛm/ /d͡ziɛmH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zjæm/ /d͡zjæmH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ziam/ /d͡ziamH/
Li
Rong 		/d͡ziɛm/ /d͡ziɛmH/
Wang
Li 		/d͡zĭɛm/ /d͡zĭɛmH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱi̯ɛm/ /d͡zʱi̯ɛmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qián jiàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cim4 zim6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 潛 潛 潛
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qián qián qián
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzjem › ‹ dzjem › ‹ dzjemH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[dz][o]m/ /*[dz][o]m/ /*[dz][o]m-s/
English go under water 驩潛 Khwārazm (region in Central Asia, W. Hàn) to hide; secretly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 潛 潛
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6709 6710
Phonetic
component 		兓 兓
Rime
group 		談 談
Rime
subdivision 		3 3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*zlom/ /*zloms/

Definitions

潛

  1. to go under water; to move under water
  2. to hide; to conceal
  3. to live in seclusion
  4. to make a concentrated effort
  5. hidden; secret
  6. latent
  7. secretly; stealthily
  8. a surname

Compounds

  • 匿跡潛形 / 匿迹潜形
  • 反潛 / 反潜
  • 戢鱗潛翼 / 戢鳞潜翼
  • 捲款潛逃 / 卷款潜逃
  • 核潛艇 / 核潜艇 (héqiántǐng)
  • 核能潛艇 / 核能潜艇
  • 沉潛剛克 / 沉潜刚克
  • 浮潛 / 浮潜 (fúqián)
  • 潛伏 / 潜伏 (qiánfú)
  • 潛伏分子 / 潜伏分子
  • 潛伏感染 / 潜伏感染
  • 潛伏期 / 潜伏期 (qiánfúqī)
  • 潛修 / 潜修
  • 潛入 / 潜入 (qiánrù)
  • 潛力 / 潜力 (qiánlì)
  • 潛勢 / 潜势
  • 潛包禍謀 / 潜包祸谋
  • 潛匿 / 潜匿
  • 潛圖問鼎 / 潜图问鼎
  • 潛在 / 潜在 (qiánzài)
  • 潛在危機 / 潜在危机
  • 潛夫論 / 潜夫论
  • 潛居 / 潜居
  • 潛山隱市 / 潜山隐市
  • 潛師 / 潜师
  • 潛形 / 潜形
  • 潛形匿跡 / 潜形匿迹
  • 潛影 / 潜影 (qiányǐng)
  • 潛德 / 潜德
  • 潛心 / 潜心 (qiánxīn)
  • 潛意識 / 潜意识
  • 潛望鏡 / 潜望镜 (qiánwàngjìng)
  • 潛步 / 潜步 (qiánbù)
  • 潛水 / 潜水 (qiánshuǐ)
  • 潛水刀 / 潜水刀
  • 潛水員 / 潜水员 (qiánshuǐyuán)
  • 潛水炸彈 / 潜水炸弹
  • 潛水病 / 潜水病
  • 潛水肺 / 潜水肺
  • 潛水艇 / 潜水艇 (qiánshuǐtǐng)
  • 潛水衣 / 潜水衣 (qiánshuǐyī)
  • 潛水鐘 / 潜水钟
  • 潛江 / 潜江 (Qiánjiāng)
  • 潛泳 / 潜泳 (qiányǒng)
  • 潛流 / 潜流 (qiánliú)
  • 潛潛等等 / 潜潜等等
  • 潛灌 / 潜灌
  • 潛熱 / 潜热 (qiánrè)
  • 潛盤 / 潜盘
  • 潛盾工法 / 潜盾工法
  • 潛神默思 / 潜神默思
  • 潛神默記 / 潜神默记
  • 潛移 / 潜移 (qiányí)
  • 潛移暗化 / 潜移暗化
  • 潛移陰奪 / 潜移阴夺
  • 潛移默化 / 潜移默化 (qiányímòhuà)
  • 潛移默奪 / 潜移默夺
  • 潛移默運 / 潜移默运
  • 潛聽 / 潜听
  • 潛能 / 潜能 (qiánnéng)
  • 潛艇 / 潜艇 (qiántǐng)
  • 潛藏 / 潜藏 (qiáncáng)
  • 潛虛 / 潜虚
  • 潛蛟困鳳 / 潜蛟困凤
  • 潛行 / 潜行 (qiánxíng)
  • 潛蹤 / 潜踪 (qiánzōng)
  • 潛蹤隱跡 / 潜踪隐迹
  • 潛身 / 潜身
  • 潛身遠禍 / 潜身远祸
  • 潛身遠跡 / 潜身远迹
  • 潛身遠遁 / 潜身远遁
  • 潛躲 / 潜躲 (qiánduǒ)
  • 潛逃 / 潜逃 (qiántáo)
  • 潛道 / 潜道
  • 潛避 / 潜避 (qiánbì)
  • 潛邸 / 潜邸
  • 潛骸竄影 / 潜骸窜影
  • 潛鴨 / 潜鸭 (qiányā)
  • 潛龍 / 潜龙
  • 潛龍伏虎 / 潜龙伏虎
  • 潛龍勿用 / 潜龙勿用
  • 狐潛鼠伏 / 狐潜鼠伏
  • 生物潛能 / 生物潜能
  • 畏罪潛逃 / 畏罪潜逃
  • 發展潛力 / 发展潜力
  • 白髮郎潛 / 白发郎潜
  • 等等潛潛 / 等等潜潜
  • 躡足潛蹤 / 蹑足潜踪
  • 遁跡潛形 / 遁迹潜形
  • 遠引深潛 / 远引深潜
  • 郎潛白髮 / 郎潜白发
  • 陶潛三徑 / 陶潜三径
  • 陶潛五柳 / 陶潜五柳
  • 飛潛 / 飞潜
  • 飛潛動植 / 飞潜动植
  • 驅潛艦 / 驱潜舰
  • 龍潛 / 龙潜 (lóngqián)

Japanese

Shinjitai

潜

Kyūjitai

潛

Kanji

潛

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 潜)

Readings

  • Go-on: ぜん (zen)←ぜん (zen, historical)←ぜむ (zemu, ancient)
  • Kan-on: せん (sen)←せん (sen, historical)←せむ (semu, ancient)
  • Kun: かくれる (kakureru, 潛れる)、くぐる (kuguru, 潛る)、ひそむ (hisomu, 潛む)、ひそめる (hisomeru, 潛める)、もぐる (moguru, 潛る)
  • Nanori: すみ (sumi)

Korean

Hanja

潛 (eumhun 무자맥질할 잠 (mujamaekjilhal jam))

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Vietnamese

Han character

潛: Hán Việt readings: tiềm
潛: Nôm readings: tiềm, tèm, tỉm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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