碎

See also: 砕

碎	U+788E, 碎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-788E

← 碍
[U+788D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

碏 →
[U+788F]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

碎 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一口卜人十 (MRYOJ), four-corner 1064₈, composition ⿰石卒)

Derived characters

𪝬, 𡀬, 𢣃, 𱩌, 𫄆, 𬆜, 𫬮, 𪯞, 𡳥, 𬞚, 𤻒, 𣩸, 𫦢

Descendants

砕

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 832, character 5
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24284
Dae Jaweon: page 1248, character 23
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2439, character 9
Unihan data for U+788E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		碎
2nd round simp.		砕
alternative forms		砕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 碎
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (卒) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
晬	*ʔsuːds
祽	*ʔsuːds
綷	*ʔsuːds
淬	*sʰuːds
啐	sʰuːds, suːds, sʰroːds, ʔsud
倅	sʰuːds, ʔsuːd
焠	*sʰuːds
碎	*suːds
誶	suːds, suds, *zud
濢	ʔslulʔ, sʰluds
噿	*ʔslulʔ
臎	ʔslulʔ, sʰluds
醉	*ʔsuds
翠	*sʰuds
悴	*zuds
萃	*zuds
瘁	*zuds
顇	*zuds
粹	*suds
睟	*suds
賥	*suds
卒	ʔsuːd, sʰuːd, *ʔsud
稡	*ʔsuːd
猝	*sʰuːd
椊	*zuːd
捽	zuːd, zud
崪	*zuːd
窣	*suːd
崒	*zud
踤	*zud
錊	*ʔsuːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *suːds): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 卒 (OC *ʔsuːd, *sʰuːd, *ʔsud).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): suì (sui⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄟˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): seoi³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhui¹ / lhui⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sui
Northern Min (KCR): cho̿
Eastern Min (BUC): chó̤i
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sùi / chhùi

(Teochew, Peng'im): cui³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵se / ⁵sei; ³tshei / ⁵suai / ⁵sae; ⁵sue / ⁵suei / ¹sei; ⁵sei
- (Jinhua): ³sae

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: suì
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: suèi
  - Wade–Giles: sui⁴
  - Yale: swèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suey
  - Palladius: суй (suj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: seoi³
  - Yale: seui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soey³
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhui¹ / lhui⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬui³³/, /ɬui²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sui
  - Hakka Romanization System: sui
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sui⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /su̯i⁵⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cho̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰo³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chó̤i
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔy²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sùi
  - Tâi-lô: suì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: suix
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sui²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sui⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhùi
  - Tâi-lô: tshuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhuix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰui¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰui²¹/

Note:

sùi - literary;
chhùi - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: cui³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshùi
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰui²¹³/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Songjiang, Suzhou, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Shaoxing)
  - Wugniu: ⁵se
  - MiniDict: se^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²se
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /se³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /se³⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /se⁵²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /sɛ³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Haining): /se⁴⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /se³⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /se³³/
- (Northern: Chongming)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sei; ³tshei
  - MiniDict: sei^去; tshei^上
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /sei³³/, /t͡sʰei⁴²⁴/
- (Northern: Changzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁵suai
  - MiniDict: suai^去
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /suai⁵²³/
- (Northern: Jiaxing, Haiyan)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sae; ⁵sue
  - MiniDict: sae^去; sue^去
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /sɛ³³⁴/, /sue³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /sɛ³⁵/, /sue³⁵/
- (Northern: Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁵suei
  - MiniDict: suei^去
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /szʷei⁴⁵/
- (Northern: Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ¹sei; ⁵sei
  - MiniDict: sei^平; sei^去
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /sɐɪ⁵²/, /sɐɪ⁵⁵/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ³sae
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /sɛ⁵³⁵/

Note:

⁵sue (Jiaxing) - literary;
⁵sae (Jiaxing) - colloquial.

Middle Chinese: swojH

Rime
Character	碎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇内切
Baxter	swojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/suʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/suoi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/suɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/swəj^H/
Li Rong	/suᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/suɒi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/suɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	suì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seoi³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s-tsʰ]ˤu[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*suːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	碎
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	suì
Middle Chinese	‹ swoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[s-tsʰ]ˁu[t]-s/
English	break
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	碎
Reading #	1/1
No.	17936
Phonetic component	卒
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*suːds/

Definitions

碎

shattered; fragmented; shredded
碎片 ― suìpiàn ― chip; fragment

啲薯片碎嗮喇。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
di¹ syu⁴ pin^3-2 seoi³ saai³ laa³. [Jyutping]
The chips are all crushed.
small pieces; bits; fragments
玻璃碎 ― bōli suì ― glass shards

肉碎 ― ròusuì ― minced meat
to shatter; to fragment; to shred
碎紙機／碎纸机 ― suìzhǐjī ― paper shredder
talkative
閒言碎語／闲言碎语 ― xiányánsuìyǔ ― gossip

碎嘴子 ― suìzuǐzi ― talkative
a surname, Sui

Synonyms

(fragmented): 零星 (língxīng)

Compounds

凌遲碎剮 / 凌迟碎剐
切碎 (qiēsuì)
嘴碎 (zuǐsuì)
壓碎 / 压碎 (yāsuì)
寧當玉碎 / 宁当玉碎
心寒膽碎 / 心寒胆碎
心碎 (xīnsuì)
心膽俱碎 / 心胆俱碎
手零腳碎 / 手零脚碎
打碎 (dǎsuì)
掰開揉碎 / 掰开揉碎
搗碎 / 捣碎 (dǎosuì)
摜碎 / 掼碎
摧身碎首
擊碎唾壺 / 击碎唾壶
攪碎機 / 搅碎机
支離破碎 / 支离破碎 (zhīlípòsuì)
敲碎
殞身碎首 / 殒身碎首
煩言碎語 / 烦言碎语
煩言碎辭 / 烦言碎辞
片鱗碎甲 / 片鳞碎甲
玉石俱碎
玉碎 (yùsuì)
玉碎珠沉
玉碎花銷 / 玉碎花销
玉碎香殘 / 玉碎香残
玉碎香消
珠殘玉碎 / 珠残玉碎
珠沉玉碎
珠沉璧碎
瑣碎 / 琐碎 (suǒsuì)
破碎 (pòsuì)
破碎家庭
破碎帶 / 破碎带
破碎支離 / 破碎支离
碎修兒 / 碎修儿
碎催
碎務 / 碎务
碎嘴子
碎嘴碎舌
碎塊 / 碎块
碎妝 / 碎妆
碎密
碎小
碎屍萬段 / 碎尸万段 (suìshīwànduàn)
碎屑 (suìxiè)
碎末 (suìmò)
碎步
碎步兒 / 碎步儿
碎片 (suìpiàn)
碎玉 (suìyù)
碎瓊亂玉 / 碎琼乱玉
碎瓷
碎石 (suìshí)
碎紛紛 / 碎纷纷
碎聒
碎肉 (suìròu)
碎花
碎裂 (suìliè)
碎身粉骨
碎金 (suìjīn)
碎首糜軀 / 碎首糜躯
碎骨粉身
粉碎 (fěnsuì)
粉身碎骨 (fěnshēn-suìgǔ)
粉零麻碎
粉骨碎身 (fěngǔsuìshēn)
糜軀碎首 / 糜躯碎首
細碎 / 细碎 (xìsuì)
絞碎 / 绞碎
苛碎
閒言碎語 / 闲言碎语
阿郎雜碎 / 阿郎杂碎
雜碎 / 杂碎 (zásuì)
雞零狗碎 / 鸡零狗碎
零七八碎
零打碎敲
零敲碎打
零碎 (língsuì)
零零碎碎
顛撲不碎 / 颠扑不碎
香消玉碎
骨碎補 / 骨碎补 (gǔsuìbǔ)

Japanese

Shinjitai	砕
Kyūjitai	碎

Kanji

碎

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 砕)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: さい (sai)
Kan-on: さい (sai)
Kun: くだく (kudaku, 碎く)、くだける (kudakeru, 碎ける)、はたく (hataku, 碎く)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 碎 (MC swojH).

Hanja

碎 (eumhun 부술 쇄 (busul swae))

hanja form^? of 쇄 (“shred”)

Compounds

분쇄 (粉碎, bunswae, “shattering”)
쇄빙선 (碎氷船, swaebingseon, “icebreaker”)
파쇄 (破碎, paswae, “crushing”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

碎: Hán Việt readings: toái
碎: Nôm readings: tôi, tui, toái, thỏi, tỏa/toả, tủi

Noun

碎 • (tôi)

(archaic, historical) slave; domestic servant

Pronoun

碎 • (tôi)

(formal in all dialects) I/me (used in formal contexts, regardless of the difference in status between the speakers)

Notes

This character is also used for the alternative pronunciation, tui