秘
See also: 祕
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Translingual
Han character
秘 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹木心竹 (HDPH), four-corner 23900, composition ⿰禾必)
Derived characters
- 𱓷, 𦷬, 𥡁, 𢢃
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 851, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24977
- Dae Jaweon: page 1275, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2601, character 7
- Unihan data for U+79D8
Chinese
| trad. | 秘/祕 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 秘/祕 | |
| 祕 - only used as a surname or in a given name in Simplified Chinese | ||
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (必) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 泌 | *mpriɡs, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
| 秘 | *mpriɡs |
| 毖 | *priɡs |
| 閟 | *priɡs |
| 柲 | *priɡs, *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
| 鉍 | *priɡs, *priɡ |
| 邲 | *priɡs, *bliɡ, *briɡ |
| 覕 | *pliŋs, *mbliːɡ |
| 咇 | *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
| 苾 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
| 馝 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
| 飶 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
| 鴓 | *mbliːɡ |
| 鮅 | *pliɡ, *bliɡ |
| 必 | *pliɡ |
| 珌 | *pliɡ |
| 佖 | *bliɡ, *briɡ |
| 駜 | *bliɡ, *briɡ |
| 怭 | *bliɡ |
| 妼 | *bliɡ |
| 宓 | *mriɡ, *mliɡ |
| 樒 | *mriɡ |
| 密 | *mriɡ |
| 蔤 | *mriɡ |
| 滵 | *mriɡ |
| 蜜 | *mliɡ |
| 謐 | *mliɡ |
| 榓 | *mliɡ |
| 淧 | *mliɡ |
| 瑟 | *smriɡ, *smriɡ |
| 璱 | *sriɡ |
| 飋 | *sriɡ |
| 虙 | *blɯɡ |
In current form: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mpriɡs): semantic 禾 + phonetic 必 (OC *pliɡ).
Variant (俗字) of 祕 via 示 → 禾, hence there is a reference to secret rituals and the concept of arcane.
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Read mì instead of bì in Mandarin as a result of conflation with 密 (mì) (cf. 秘密 (mìmì)) (Fu, 1958).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): bi4
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): bé
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bi4
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5pi; 5mi
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): bei4 / mi6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: mì
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mì
- Wade–Giles: mi4
- Yale: mì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mih
- Palladius: ми (mi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: bì
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bì
- Wade–Giles: pi4
- Yale: bì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bih
- Palladius: би (bi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Note: bì - rare except in 秘魯 (“Peru”) and as a surname.
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: bei4 / mi2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bei / mi
- Sinological IPA (key): /pei²¹³/, /mi²¹/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: mǐ
- Sinological IPA (key): /mi²¹/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: bī / mī
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): bi4 / mi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi⁴⁴/, /mi⁴⁴/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Chengdu)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bei3 / bai3
- Yale: bei / bai
- Cantonese Pinyin: bei3 / bai3
- Guangdong Romanization: béi3 / bei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pei̯³³/, /pɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: bai3 - variant (rare).
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: bi1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pi
- Hakka Romanization System: bi
- Hagfa Pinyim: bi4
- Sinological IPA: /pi⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: biˇ
- Sinological IPA: /pi¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: bi4
- Sinological IPA: /pi⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bi4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bi̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi⁴²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pì
- Tâi-lô: pì
- Phofsit Daibuun: pix
- IPA (Xiamen): /pi²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pi⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pi²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /pi¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /pi²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bi3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pì
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi²¹³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
Note:
- 5pi - vernacular;
- 5mi - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: pijH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*mpriɡs/
Definitions
秘
- secret; undisclosed; confidential
- mysterious; abstruse
- rare; scarce; extraordinary
- to keep as a secret
- to block
- short for 秘書／秘书 (mìshū, “secretary”)
- short for 秘魯／秘鲁 (Bìlǔ, “Peru”)
- a surname
Compounds
Japanese
| 秘 | |
| 祕 |
Kanji
秘
(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 祕)
Readings
- Go-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
- Kun: ひめる (himeru, 秘める, Jōyō)、かくす (kakusu, 秘す)、ひそか (hisoka, 秘か)
- Nanori: なし (nashi)、なみ (nami)、み (mi)、やす (yasu)
Compounds
- 秘術 (hijutsu): numerology, or a secret art
- 秘術師 (hijutsushi): a practitioner of a secret art
- 秘書 (hisho): secretary
- 秘密 (himitsu): secret
- 秘儀 (higi)
- 秘境 (hikyō)
- 秘訣 (hiketsu)
- 秘法 (hihō)
Korean
Hanja
秘 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
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Vietnamese
Han character
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