葫蘆

See also: 葫芦

Chinese

Etymology 1

	phonetic
trad. (葫蘆)	葫	蘆
simp. (葫芦)	葫	芦
2nd round simp.	胡芦
alternative forms	壺蘆／壶芦胡盧／胡卢胡蘆／胡芦壺盧／壶卢

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Guoyu Cidian has "以其果實狀似壺及蘆，故稱為「壺蘆」", but how does it look like reed?”) Compare also 瓠 (OC *ɡʷlaː, *ɡʷlaːs, “gourd”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): húlu

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄌㄨ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁴ lou^4-2 / wu⁴ lou⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): fu⁴ lu
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fù-lù

(Hailu, HRS): fu lu
Jin (Wiktionary): hu¹ lou³
Eastern Min (BUC): hù-lù
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hou² lou²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hô͘-lô͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): hu⁵ lu⁵
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶wu-lu₆ / ²wu₆-lu₆

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: húlu
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄌㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: húlů
  - Wade–Giles: hu²-lu⁵
  - Yale: hú-lu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu.lu
  - Palladius: хулу (xulu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ lu³/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (葫蘆兒 / 葫芦儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: húlur
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄌㄨㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: húlůr
  - Wade–Giles: hu²-lu⁵-ʼrh
  - Yale: hú-lur
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu.lul
  - Palladius: хулур (xulur)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ luɻʷ³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wu⁴ lou^4-2 / wu⁴ lou⁴
  - Yale: wùh lóu / wùh lòuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁴ lou^4-2 / wu⁴ lou⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wu⁴ lou^4-2 / wu⁴ lou⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²¹ lou̯²¹⁻³⁵/, /wuː²¹ lou̯²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fu⁴ lu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵ lu²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fù-lù
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu^ˇ lu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fu² lu²
  - Sinological IPA: /fu¹¹ lu¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu lu
  - Sinological IPA: /fu⁵⁵ lu⁵⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: hu¹ lou³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xu¹¹ ləu⁴⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hù-lù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁵³⁻³³ l̃u⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hou² lou² [Phonetic: hou⁵ lou²]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hó-ló
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔu¹³⁻¹¹ lɔu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hou² lou² [Phonetic: hou⁵ lou²]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔu²⁴⁻²¹ lɔu²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘-lô͘
  - Tâi-lô: hôo-lôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: holoo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ²⁴⁻²² lɔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ²⁴⁻²² lɔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ¹³⁻²² lɔ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ²³⁻³³ lɔ²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hu⁵ lu⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hû lû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lu⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶wu-lu₆
  - MiniDict: wu^去 lu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhu-lu₃
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦu²² lu⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Changzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²wu₆-lu₆
  - MiniDict: wu^去 lu^去
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /ɦu¹¹ lu³³/

Middle Chinese: hu|xu lu

Rime
Character	葫	葫	蘆
Reading #	1/2	2/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	曉 (32)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	戸吳切	荒烏切	落胡切
Baxter	hu	xu	lu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo/	/huo/	/luo/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo/	/huo/	/luo/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo/	/xo/	/lo/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ/	/hɔ/	/lɔ/
Li Rong	/ɣo/	/xo/	/lo/
Wang Li	/ɣu/	/xu/	/lu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣuo/	/xuo/	/luo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hú	hū	lú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu⁴	fu¹	lou⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤa C.rˤa/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʰaː|ɡaː raː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	葫	蘆
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hú	lú
Middle Chinese	‹ hu ›	‹ lu ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁa/	/*C.rˁa/
English	gourd	lúwěi 蘆葦 reed
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	葫	葫	蘆
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2
No.	4244	4252	5203
Phonetic component	古	古	虍
Rime group	魚	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	呼	胡	盧
Old Chinese	/*qʰaː/	/*ɡaː/	/*raː/

Noun

葫蘆

(～瓜) bottle gourd; calabash
(Wuhan Mandarin) person that can drink a large amount of water
(Loudi Xiang) bottle

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 葫蘆 (“bottle gourd; calabash”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		瓠
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		葫蘆
Northeastern Mandarin	Harbin	葫蘆
Northeastern Mandarin	Singapore	葫蘆
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	葫蘆
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	葫蘆
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	葫蘆
	Wanrong	葫蘆
	Xi'an	葫蘆
	Xining	葫蘆
	Xuzhou	葫蘆, 瓠子
	Pizhou	瓠子
	Lianyungang (Ganyu)	瓠子
	Donghai	瓠子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	葫蘆
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	葫蘆
	Guiyang	葫蘆
	Liuzhou	葫蘆, 葫蘆瓜
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	葫蘆, 瓠子
	Yangzhou	瓠子
	Baoying	瓠子
	Taizhou	瓠子
	Lianyungang	瓠子
	Huai'an (Huaiyin)	瓠子
	Xuyi	瓠子
	Nantong	瓠子
	Rugao	瓠子
	Yancheng	瓠子
	Sihong	瓠子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	葫蘆
	Hong Kong	葫蘆瓜, 葫蘆
	Dongguan	葫蘆, 葫蘆瓜
Gan	Nanchang	葫蘆
	Lichuan	葫蘆, 膨葫
	Pingxiang	葫蘆
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	瓠仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	瓠仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	瓠仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	瓠
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	瓠仔, 瓠
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	瓠子
Huizhou	Jixi	葫蘆
Jin	Taiyuan	葫蘆
Jin	Xinzhou	葫蘆
Northern Min	Jian'ou	葫蘆瓠
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	葫蘆瓠
Southern Min	Quanzhou	匏
Southern Min	Haikou	葫蘆瓠
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	葫蘆
Wu	Shanghai	葫蘆
	Shanghai (Chongming)	葫落
	Suzhou	葫蘆, 扁蒲
	Wuxi	葫蘆
	Changshu	葫蘆
	Changzhou	葫蘆
	Danyang	葫蘆, 瓠則
	Nanjing (Gaochun)	瓠則
	Hangzhou	葫蘆兒
	Ningbo	葫蘆
	Jinhua	葫蘆
Xiang	Changsha	葫蘆瓜

Dialectal synonyms of 瓶子 (“bottle”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		瓶子
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	瓶兒, 瓶子
	Taiwan	瓶子
	Harbin	瓶子, 棒兒, 棒子
	Singapore	瓶子
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	瓶子
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	瓶兒, 瓶子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	瓶兒
	Wanrong	瓶子
	Zhengzhou	瓶
	Xi'an	瓶子
	Xining	瓶瓶
	Xuzhou	瓶子, 瓶, 瓶兒
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	瓶子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	瓶子
	Lanzhou	瓶子
	Ürümqi	瓶子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	瓶瓶兒, 瓶瓶, 瓶子
	Wuhan	瓶子
	Guiyang	瓶子
	Guilin	瓶子
	Liuzhou	瓶子
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	瓶子
	Yangzhou	瓶子
	Hefei	瓶子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	樽
	Hong Kong	樽
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	樽
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	樽
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	樽
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	樽
	Macau	樽
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	樽
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	樽
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	樽
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	樽
	Foshan	樽
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	樽
	Foshan (Shunde)	樽
	Foshan (Sanshui)	樽
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	樽
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	樽
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	樽
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	樽
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	樽
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	樽
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	樽
	Taishan	樽
	Kaiping (Chikan)	樽
	Enping (Niujiang)	樽
	Heshan (Yayao)	樽
	Dongguan	樽
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	樽
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	罌
	Qingyuan	樽
	Fogang	樽
	Yingde (Hanguang)	樽仔
	Yangshan	樽
	Lianshan (Butian)	瓶
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	樽
	Shaoguan	樽
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	樽
	Renhua	樽
	Lechang	樽
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	樽
	Sihui	樽
	Guangning	樽
	Deqing	瓶, 樽
	Huaiji	樽, 罌
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	罌
	Yunfu	樽
	Xinxing	樽
	Luoding	樽
	Yunan (Pingtai)	樽
	Yangjiang	樽
	Xinyi	樽, 盅
	Lianjiang	樽
	Nanning	樽
	Wuzhou	樽
	Yulin	瓶
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	樽
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	樽
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	樽
Gan	Nanchang	瓶子
	Lichuan	瓶兒, 瓶仔
	Pingxiang	瓶子
Hakka	Meixian	罌仔, 罐仔, 瓶仔, 樽仔
	Xingning	罌哩
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	罌, 樽
	Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua)	罌
	Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua)	罌
	Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua)	罌
	Huidong (Daling)	罌仔
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	樽, 瓶
	Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua)	罌
	Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua)	罌
	Boluo (Bendihua)	罌
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	樽
	Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng)	樽
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	樽
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	樽
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	罌哩
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	瓶哩, 罌哩
	Wuhua (Changbu)	罌頭
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	罌
	Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua)	罌
	Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua)	罌
	Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua)	罌
	Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua)	罌仔, 罌公
	Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua)	罐
	Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua)	罐, 罌
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	罌子
	Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua)	罌
	Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua)	甕, 罌
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	罌
	Liannan	樽
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	樽
	Jiexi	罌
	Changting	罌子
	Wuping	罌子
	Wuping (Pingyu)	罌子
	Liancheng	罌子
	Ninghua	罌子
	Yudu	瓶子
	Ruijin	罌
	Shicheng	瓶, 罌
	Shangyou (Shexi)	罌子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	罐仔, 罌仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	罐仔, 罌仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	罐仔, 罌仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	罐, 罌
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	罐仔, 罌仔
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	罐, 罌
	Hong Kong	樽
	Luchuan	瓶
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	瓶子
	Sabah (Longchuan)	甕, 罌
	Senai (Huiyang)	罌
Huizhou	Jixi	瓶
Huizhou	Huangshan (Tunxi)	瓶
Jin	Taiyuan	瓶子
	Pingyao	瓶子
	Xinzhou	瓶子
	Hohhot	瓶子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	甕仔, 瓶仔
	Wuyishan	罐仔
	Pucheng (Shibei)	甕仔, 瓶仔
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	瓶瓶
Eastern Min	Fuqing	瓶瓶
Southern Min	Xiamen	矸仔, 瓶仔
	Quanzhou	矸仔
	Jinjiang	矸仔
	Zhangzhou	矸仔
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	瓶仔
	Dongshan	瓶仔
	Kaohsiung	矸仔
	Yilan	罐仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	矸仔
	Taichung	罐仔
	Taichung (Wuqi)	矸仔
	Tainan	矸仔
	Taitung	罐仔
	Hsinchu	矸仔
	Penghu (Magong)	矸
	Penang (Hokkien)	瓿瓵, 罐
	Singapore (Hokkien)	矸仔, 物突矸, 物突, 罐
	Manila (Hokkien)	矸仔
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	瓶仔
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	瓶
	Chaozhou	樽
	Shantou	樽
	Bangkok (Teochew)	樽, 瓶
	Singapore (Teochew)	樽
	Leizhou	樽
	Haikou	瓶
Puxian Min	Putian	瓶
Central Min	Yong'an	瓶
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	甕仔
	Sanming (Shaxian)	甕
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	樽
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	樽
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	瓶, 樽
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	瓶子
Wu	Shanghai	瓶, 瓶頭, 瓶子
	Shanghai (Chongming)	瓶
	Suzhou	瓶
	Wuxi	瓶
	Danyang	瓶
	Hangzhou	瓶兒
	Ningbo	瓶, 瓶子
	Wenzhou	瓶兒
	Jinhua	瓶, 瓶子
Xiang	Changsha	瓶子
	Loudi	瓶子, 葫蘆
	Shuangfeng	瓶子
	Quanzhou	瓶子

Derived terms

不知葫蘆裡賣甚麼藥 / 不知葫芦里卖甚么药
亞腰葫蘆 / 亚腰葫芦
依本畫葫蘆 / 依本画葫芦
依樣畫葫蘆 / 依样画葫芦 (yīyàng huà húlu)
依樣葫蘆 / 依样葫芦
依葫蘆畫瓢 / 依葫芦画瓢
倒地葫蘆 / 倒地葫芦
冰糖葫蘆 / 冰糖葫芦 (bīngtáng húlu)
包葫蘆頭 / 包葫芦头
墩葫蘆，摔馬杓 / 墩葫芦，摔马杓
實葫蘆 / 实葫芦
屁股震葫蘆 / 屁股震葫芦
悶葫蘆 / 闷葫芦 (mènhúlu)
打混葫蘆 / 打混葫芦
按下葫蘆浮起瓢 / 按下葫芦浮起瓢 (àn xià húlu fú qǐ piáo)
按倒葫蘆瓢起來 / 按倒葫芦瓢起来 (àn dǎo húlu piáo qǐlái)
按著葫蘆摳子 / 按著葫芦抠子
揜口葫蘆 / 揜口葫芦
提葫蘆 / 提葫芦
搬倒葫蘆灑了油 / 搬倒葫芦洒了油
敦葫蘆，摔馬杓 / 敦葫芦，摔马杓
水葫蘆 / 水葫芦 (shuǐhúlu)
沒嘴葫蘆 / 没嘴葫芦
油葫蘆 / 油葫芦
火葫蘆 / 火葫芦
照葫蘆畫瓢 / 照葫芦画瓢 (zhào húlu huà piáo)
糖葫蘆 / 糖葫芦 (tánghúlu)
葫蘆兒 / 葫芦儿 (húlur)
葫蘆島 / 葫芦岛 (Húlúdǎo)
葫蘆提 / 葫芦提
葫蘆架 / 葫芦架
葫蘆瓶 / 葫芦瓶 (húlupíng)
葫蘆科 / 葫芦科
葫蘆笙 / 葫芦笙 (húlúshēng)
葫蘆絲 / 葫芦丝 (húlusī)
葫蘆藤 / 葫芦藤
葫蘆裡賣的甚麼藥 / 葫芦里卖的甚么药 (húlu lǐ mài de shénme yào)
西葫蘆 / 西葫芦 (xīhúlu)
鋸了嘴的葫蘆 / 锯了嘴的葫芦
鋸嘴葫蘆 / 锯嘴葫芦
響葫蘆 / 响葫芦

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (葫蘆):

→ Japanese: 葫蘆(ころ) (koro)
→ Korean: 호로(葫蘆) (horo)
→ Vietnamese: hồ lô (葫蘆)

Others:

→ Mongolian: хулуу (xuluu)

Etymology 2

		rush; reed; Phragmites communis
trad. (葫蘆)	葫	蘆
simp. (葫芦)	葫	芦
alternative forms	夫佬俘虜／俘虏

Phono-semantic matching of English full.

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): fu¹ lou^4-2 / fu¹ lou⁴

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fu¹ lou^4-2 / fu¹ lou⁴
  - Yale: fū lóu / fū lòuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu¹ lou^4-2 / fu¹ lou⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu¹ lou^4-2 / fu¹ lou⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː⁵⁵ lou̯²¹⁻³⁵/, /fuː⁵⁵ lou̯²¹/

Noun

葫蘆

(Cantonese, card games) full house

Synonyms

滿堂紅／满堂红 (mǎntánghóng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
葫	蘆
こ Hyōgai	ろ Hyōgai
kan'on

Alternative spellings
葫盧胡盧

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 葫蘆 (MC hu|xu lu, literally “gourd + rushes, reeds”). Compare modern Min Nan reading hô͘-lô͘.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ko̞ɾo̞]

Noun

葫(こ)蘆(ろ) • (koro)

bottle gourd, calabash

Usage notes

This term koro appears to be quite rare. The term 瓢箪 (hyōtan) is used more commonly to mean gourd or calabash.

Poker hands in Mandarin · 撲克牌型 / 扑克牌型 (layout · text)

單張 / 单张 (dānzhāng), 高牌, 烏龍 / 乌龙 (wūlóng)	對 / 对 (duì), 對子 / 对子 (duìzi), 一對 / 一对 (yīduì)	兩對 / 两对	三張 / 三张, 三條 / 三条 (sāntiáo)	順 / 顺 (shùn), 順子 / 顺子 (shùnzi)

同花 (tónghuā)	三帶二 / 三带二	四張 / 四张, 四條 / 四条 (sìtiáo), 鐵扇 / 铁扇, 鐵支 / 铁支	同花順 / 同花顺 (tónghuāshùn)	同花大順 / 同花大顺 (tónghuā dàshùn)