葫

See also: 胡

葫	U+846B, 葫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-846B

← 葪
[U+846A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

葬 →
[U+846C]

Translingual

Han character

葫 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿十口月 (TJRB), four-corner 4462₇, composition ⿱艹胡)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1045, character 34
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31443
Dae Jaweon: page 1507, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3244, character 1
Unihan data for U+846B

Chinese

trad.		葫
simp. ^#		葫
2nd round simp.		胡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (古) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
箇	*kaːls
個	*kaːls
居	kɯ, kas
橭	kaː, kʰaː
嫴	*kaː
姑	*kaː
辜	*kaː
酤	kaː, kaːs, *ɡaːʔ
蛄	*kaː
鴣	*kaː
沽	kaː, kaːʔ, *kaːs
盬	kaː, kaːʔ
古	*kaːʔ
罟	*kaːʔ
估	*kaːʔ
鈷	*kaːʔ
詁	*kaːʔ
牯	*kaːʔ
故	*kaːs
固	*kaːs
稒	*kaːɡs
痼	*kaːɡs
錮	*kaːɡs
鯝	*kaːɡs
棝	*kaːɡs
凅	*kaːɡs
枯	*kʰaː
軲	*kʰaː
跍	*kʰaː
骷	*kʰaː
苦	kʰaːʔ, kʰaːs
葫	qʰaː, ɡaː
餬	*ɡaː
瑚	*ɡaː
湖	*ɡaː
鶘	*ɡaː
猢	*ɡaː
醐	*ɡaː
糊	*ɡaː
箶	*ɡaː
蝴	*ɡaː
胡	*ɡaː
瓳	*ɡaː
怙	*ɡaːʔ
祜	*ɡaːʔ
岵	*ɡaːʔ
婟	ɡaːʔ, ɡaːɡs
楛	*ɡaːʔ
据	*ka
裾	*ka
琚	*ka
椐	ka, kas, *kʰa
鶋	*ka
蜛	*ka
崌	*ka
涺	*ka
腒	ka, ɡa
鋸	*kas
倨	*kas
踞	*kas
涸	*ɡaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qʰaː, *ɡaː): semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 胡 (OC *ɡaː)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): hú (hu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu² / ku²
Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fù

(Hailu, HRS): fu
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hou²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hô͘ / ô͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hú
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hú
  - Wade–Giles: hu²
  - Yale: hú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu
  - Palladius: ху (xu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: fu² / ku²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fu / ku
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹/, /kʰu²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wu⁴
  - Yale: wùh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fù
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fu²
  - Sinological IPA: /fu¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu
  - Sinological IPA: /fu⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hou²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hó
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hou²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔu²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘
  - Tâi-lô: hôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoo
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hɔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ô͘
  - Tâi-lô: ôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oo
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔ¹³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /ɔ²⁴/

Note:

hô͘ - literary;
ô͘ - vernacular.

Middle Chinese: hu, xu

Rime
Character	葫	葫
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	戸吳切	荒烏切
Baxter	hu	xu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo/	/huo/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo/	/huo/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo/	/xo/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ/	/hɔ/
Li Rong	/ɣo/	/xo/
Wang Li	/ɣu/	/xu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣuo/	/xuo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hú	hū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu⁴	fu¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤa/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʰaː/, /*ɡaː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	葫
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hú
Middle Chinese	‹ hu ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁa/
English	gourd
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	葫	葫
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4244	4252
Phonetic component	古	古
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	呼	胡
Old Chinese	/*qʰaː/	/*ɡaː/

Definitions

葫

used in 葫蘆／葫芦 (húlu)
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) garlic

Compounds

亞腰葫蘆 / 亚腰葫芦
依樣葫蘆 / 依样葫芦
倒地葫蘆 / 倒地葫芦
冰糖葫蘆 / 冰糖葫芦 (bīngtáng húlu)
包葫蘆頭 / 包葫芦头
實葫蘆 / 实葫芦
悶葫蘆 / 闷葫芦 (mènhúlu)
悶葫蘆罐 / 闷葫芦罐 (mènhúluguàn)
打悶葫蘆 / 打闷葫芦
打混葫蘆 / 打混葫芦
揜口葫蘆 / 揜口葫芦
提葫蘆 / 提葫芦
沒嘴葫蘆 / 没嘴葫芦
油葫蘆 / 油葫芦
火葫蘆 / 火葫芦
糖葫蘆 / 糖葫芦 (tánghúlu)
葫蘆 / 葫芦 (húlu)
葫蘆兒 / 葫芦儿 (húlur)
葫蘆島 / 葫芦岛 (Húlúdǎo)
葫蘆提 / 葫芦提
葫蘆架 / 葫芦架
葫蘆科 / 葫芦科
葫蘆笙 / 葫芦笙 (húlúshēng)
西葫蘆 / 西葫芦 (xīhúlu)
鋸嘴葫蘆 / 锯嘴葫芦
響葫蘆 / 响葫芦

Japanese

Kanji

葫

(Hyōgai kanji)

gourd, bottle-gourd
garlic

Readings

Go-on: ご (go)
Kan-on: こ (ko)
Kun: にんにく (ninniku, 葫)、ひる (hiru, 葫)

Compounds

葫蘆(ころ) (koro)
様(よう)によりて葫蘆(ころ)を画(えが)く (yō ni yorite koro o egaku)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
葫
にんにく Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 葫 – see the following entry.

【大蒜にんにく】

[noun] [from 1469] garlic

Alternative spellings
蒜, 忍辱, ニンニク

(This term, 葫, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
葫
ひる Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 葫 – see the following entry.

【蒜ひる】H

[noun] [from 712] (dated or dialectal) allium; garlic

(This term, 葫, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Kikai

Kanji

葫

(Hyōgai kanji)

Noun

葫(ふぃる) (firu)

alternative form of 蒜

Korean

Hanja

葫 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Okinawan

Kanji

葫

(Hyōgai kanji)

Noun

葫(ひる) (hiru)

alternative form of 蒜

Vietnamese

Han character

葫: Hán Nôm readings: hồ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yoron

Kanji

葫

(Hyōgai kanji)

Noun

葫(ぴる) (piru)

alternative form of 蒜