靠
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
靠 (Kangxi radical 175, 非+7, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹土口中卜 (HGRLY), four-corner 24111, composition ⿱告非)
Derived characters
- 𫣶, 𨘴, 𣞳, 㸆, 𨯕, 𮧈
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1382, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42604
- Dae Jaweon: page 1896, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4087, character 17
- Unihan data for U+9760
Chinese
trad. | 靠 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 靠 | |
2nd round simp. | 俈 |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (告) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰuːɡs): phonetic 告 (OC *kuːɡs, *kuːɡ) + semantic 非.
Etymology
Compare perhaps Burmese ခု (hku., “to prop up, be filling”).[1]
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): kaau3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kho
- Eastern Min (BUC): kó̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5khau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: kào
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kào
- Wade–Giles: kʻao4
- Yale: kàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaw
- Palladius: као (kao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kaau3
- Yale: kaau
- Cantonese Pinyin: kaau3
- Guangdong Romanization: kao3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰaːu̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kho
- Hakka Romanization System: ko
- Hagfa Pinyim: ko4
- Sinological IPA: /kʰo⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khò͘
- Tâi-lô: khòo
- Phofsit Daibuun: qox
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔ⁴¹/
- IPA (Singapore): /kʰɔ²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khò
- Tâi-lô: khò
- Phofsit Daibuun: qoix
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɤ²¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore): /kʰo²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰo¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khòa
- Tâi-lô: khuà
- Phofsit Daibuun: qoax
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kʰua²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰua¹¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰua⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Singapore)
Note: khòa - 沙可 is used in the Mainland.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: kao3 / gou6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khàu / kŏu
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰau²¹³/, /kou³⁵/
- (Teochew)
Note: gou6 - vernacular (俗).
- Middle Chinese: khawH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰuːɡs/
Definitions
靠
- to lean on; to recline
- to depend on; to rely on
- 1964, “大海航行靠舵手 [Sailing the Seas Depends on the Helmsman]”, 李郁文 [Li Yuwen] (lyrics), 王雙印 [Wang Shuangyin] (music):
- 大海航行靠舵手,
- Dàhǎi hángxíng kào duòshǒu,
Wànwù shēngzhǎng kào tàiyáng,
Yǔlù zīrùn hémiáo zhuàng,
Gàn gémìng kào de shì Máozédōngsīxiǎng. [Pinyin] - Sailing seas depends on the helmsman;
Life and growth depend on the sun;
Rain and dewdrops nourish the crops;
Making revolution depends on Mao Zedong Thought.
萬物生長靠太陽,
雨露滋潤禾苗壯,
幹革命靠的是毛澤東思想。 [MSC, trad.]
大海航行靠舵手,
万物生长靠太阳,
雨露滋润禾苗壮,
干革命靠的是毛泽东思想。 [MSC, simp.]- Dàhǎi hángxíng kào duòshǒu,
- to trust; to have confidence in
- to come near to; to approach
- to keep to (a certain side)
- (euphemistic) alternative form of 肏 (“to fuck”); frick
- (Northern Wu) approximately
Compounds
- 不可靠
- 依靠 (yīkào)
- 倚靠 (yǐkào)
- 偎妻靠婦 / 偎妻靠妇
- 停靠 (tíngkào)
- 六親無靠 / 六亲无靠
- 可靠 (kěkào)
- 央靠
- 奔靠
- 妥靠
- 打靠後 / 打靠后
- 投靠 (tóukào)
- 指靠 (zhǐkào)
- 挨靠
- 求靠
- 無依無靠 / 无依无靠 (wúyīwúkào)
- 無靠無依 / 无靠无依 (wúkàowúyī)
- 牢靠 (láokào)
- 終身有靠 / 终身有靠
- 賣身投靠 / 卖身投靠
- 靠不住
- 靠么 (kàoyāo)
- 靠傍
- 靠北 (kǎobèi)
- 靠墊 / 靠垫 (kàodiàn)
- 靠天
- 靠夭 (kàoyāo)
- 靠子
- 靠山 (kàoshān)
- 靠山吃山
- 靠山吃山,靠水吃水
- 靠山山會倒,靠水水會燥,靠人人會老 / 靠山山会倒,靠水水会燥,靠人人会老
- 靠山山會崩,靠水水會焦 / 靠山山会崩,靠水水会焦
- 靠岸 (kào'àn)
- 靠得住 (kàodezhù)
- 靠手
- 靠把
- 靠攏 / 靠拢 (kàolǒng)
- 靠旗
- 靠枕
- 靠盃 / 靠杯
- 靠背 (kàobèi)
- 靠胸貼肉 / 靠胸贴肉
- 靠腰 (kàoyāo)
- 靠行
- 靠身
- 靠近 (kàojìn)
- 靠邊 / 靠边 (kàobiān)
- 靠邊站 / 靠边站 (kàobiānzhàn)
References
- ^ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-U Finals (9. a Prop; to Prop up)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 31
Japanese
Kanji
靠
Readings
References
- ^ “靠”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
Korean
Hanja
靠 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
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Vietnamese
Han character
靠: Hán Nôm readings: kháo, khéo
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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