鬻

See also: 粥

鬻	U+9B3B, 鬻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B3B

← 鬺
[U+9B3A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鬼 →
[U+9B3C]

Translingual

Han character

鬻 (Kangxi radical 193, 鬲+12, 22 strokes, cangjie input 弓弓一口月 (NNMRB), four-corner 1722₇, composition ⿱粥鬲)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1459, character 45
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45721
Dae Jaweon: page 1992, character 28
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4590, character 15
Unihan data for U+9B3B

Chinese

trad.		鬻
simp. ^#		鬻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (粥) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
粥	ʔljuɡ, luɡ
鬻	*luɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *luɡ): phonetic 䰜 (“cauldron”) + semantic 米 (“rice”) — congee. 鬲 is a cauldron with three hollow legs, in which 米 (“rice”) is cooked. The two 弓 depict the steam emitted from the congee in the cauldron.

粥 (“congee”) is the reduced form of the character 鬻. 鬻 has since been phonetically borrowed from 𧶠 (OC *luɡ) to mean "to sell".

Etymology

"to sell": Compare Khmer លក់ (lŭək, “to sell; to fine”) (Schuessler, 2007). May not be related to 贖 (OC *ɦljoɡ, “to redeem”).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yù (yu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄩˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): juk⁶
Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̆k
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): oeh⁷ / yoeh⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): io̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): iog⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yù
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yù
  - Wade–Giles: yü⁴
  - Yale: yù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
  - Palladius: юй (juj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: juk⁶
  - Yale: yuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: juk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊk̚²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̆k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: oeh⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: e̤̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /œʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: yoeh⁷
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yøʔ⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io̍k
  - Tâi-lô: io̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iog⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: io̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iok̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: yuwk

Rime
Character	鬻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	余六切
Baxter	yuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juwk̚/
Li Rong	/iuk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭuk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	juk⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-quk/

(Zhengzhang): /*luɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鬻
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yù
Middle Chinese	‹ yuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*m-quk/
English	nourish
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鬻
Reading #	1/1
No.	17541
Phonetic component	粥
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	育
Old Chinese	/*luɡ/

Definitions

鬻

(alt. form 𧶠, 儥／𰂏) (literary, or in compounds) to sell; to vend
- 百里奚自鬻於秦養牲者，五羊之皮。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  百里奚自鬻于秦养牲者，五羊之皮。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Bǎilǐ Xī zì yù yú qín yǎng shēng zhě, wǔ yáng zhī pí. [Pinyin]
  Bai Li Xi sold himself to a cattle-keeper of Qin for the skins of five rams.
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 育 (“to nourish”)

Synonyms

(to sell):

edit

出售 (chūshòu)
出賣 / 出卖 (chūmài)
售 (shòu)
售出 (shòuchū)
售賣 / 售卖 (shòumài)
經銷 / 经销 (jīngxiāo) (to sell on consignment)
賣 / 卖 (mài)
賣出 / 卖出 (màichū)
銷 / 销 (xiāo)
銷售 / 销售 (xiāoshòu)

Compounds

典鬻 (diǎnyù)
炫鬻
獯鬻 (Xūnyù)
破家鬻子
販官鬻爵 / 贩官鬻爵
買官鬻爵 / 买官鬻爵
賣兒鬻女 / 卖儿鬻女 (mài'éryùnǚ)
賣妻鬻子 / 卖妻鬻子
質妻鬻子 / 质妻鬻子
賣官鬻爵 / 卖官鬻爵 (màiguān yù jué)
賣官鬻獄 / 卖官鬻狱
賣爵鬻子 / 卖爵鬻子
雇妻鬻子
鬻兒賣女 / 鬻儿卖女
鬻子
鬻官賣爵 / 鬻官卖爵
鬻德
鬻文
鬻歌
鬻獄 / 鬻狱 (yùyù)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhōu, zhù (zhou¹, zhu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄡ, ㄓㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zuk¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhou
  - Wade–Giles: chou¹
  - Yale: jōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jou
  - Palladius: чжоу (čžou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
  - Wade–Giles: chu⁴
  - Yale: jù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
  - Palladius: чжу (čžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zuk¹
  - Yale: jūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: zug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵/

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*t-quk/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鬻
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōu
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*t-quk/
English	rice gruel
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

鬻

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 粥 (“congee”)

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jū (ju¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jū
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyu
  - Wade–Giles: chü¹
  - Yale: jyū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiu
  - Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

Definitions

鬻

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) young and small; immature

References

“鬻”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “鬻”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 293.

Japanese

Kanji

鬻

(Hyōgai kanji)

to sell; to peddle

Readings

Go-on: いく (iku)、しゅく (shuku)^{←しゆく (syuku, historical)}
Kan-on: いく (iku)、しゅく (shuku)^{←しゆく (syuku, historical)}
On: きく (kiku)、び (bi)
Kun: かい (kai, 鬻)、かゆ (kayu, 鬻)、ひさぐ (hisagu, 鬻ぐ)、ひさく (hisaku, 鬻く)

Compounds

鬻(ひさき)人(びと) (hisakibito, “peddler”)
鬻(ひさき)女(め) (hisakime, “female peddler”)

Vietnamese

Han character

鬻: Hán Nôm readings: chúc, dục

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