牲
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Translingual
Han character
牲 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹手竹手一 (HQHQM), four-corner 25510, composition ⿰牜生)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 700, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19986
- Dae Jaweon: page 1112, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1807, character 7
- Unihan data for U+7272
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
牲 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 猜 | *sʰlɯː |
| 輤 | *sʰleːns |
| 綪 | *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ |
| 倩 | *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs |
| 棈 | *sʰleːns |
| 蒨 | *sʰeːns |
| 篟 | *sʰeːns |
| 生 | *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs |
| 牲 | *sreŋ |
| 笙 | *sreŋ |
| 甥 | *sreŋ |
| 鉎 | *sreŋ, *sleːŋ |
| 珄 | *sreŋ |
| 鼪 | *sreŋ, *sreŋs |
| 猩 | *sreŋ, *seːŋ |
| 狌 | *sreŋ |
| 眚 | *sreŋʔ |
| 貹 | *sreŋs |
| 崝 | *zreːŋ |
| 精 | *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs |
| 菁 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 鶄 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 蜻 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 鼱 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 婧 | *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ |
| 睛 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ |
| 箐 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 聙 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 旌 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 清 | *sʰleŋ |
| 圊 | *sʰleŋ |
| 請 | *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 凊 | *sʰleŋs |
| 䝼 | *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 靚 | *zleŋs |
| 情 | *zleŋ |
| 晴 | *zleŋ |
| 夝 | *zleŋ |
| 靜 | *zleŋʔ |
| 靖 | *zleŋʔ |
| 睲 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 惺 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋ |
| 性 | *sleŋs |
| 姓 | *sleŋs |
| 靗 | *l̥ʰeŋs |
| 鯖 | *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 青 | *sʰleːŋ |
| 靘 | *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs |
| 掅 | *sʰleːŋs |
| 胜 | *sleːŋ |
| 曐 | *sleːŋ |
| 星 | *sleːŋ |
| 鮏 | *sleːŋ |
| 腥 | *seːŋ, *seːŋs |
| 鯹 | *seːŋ |
| 醒 | *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 篂 | *seːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sreŋ): semantic 牛 (“cow”) + phonetic 生 (OC *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs).
Etymology
From 生 (OC *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs, “alive”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): saang1 / sang1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): seng1
- Northern Min (KCR): sàing / sàng
- Eastern Min (BUC): săng / sĕng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sa1 / sann1 / seng1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1san; 1sen
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sen1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shēng
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sheng
- Wade–Giles: shêng1
- Yale: shēng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheng
- Palladius: шэн (šɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: saang1 / sang1
- Yale: sāang / sāng
- Cantonese Pinyin: saang1 / sang1
- Guangdong Romanization: sang1 / seng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːŋ⁵⁵/, /sɐŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sên / sâng
- Hakka Romanization System: senˊ / sangˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sen1 / sang1
- Sinological IPA: /sen²⁴/, /saŋ²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: senˋ / sangˋ
- Sinological IPA: /sen⁵³/, /saŋ⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: sên1 / sang1
- Sinological IPA: /sɛn⁴⁴/, /saŋ⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Note:
- Sixian:
- sên - literary;
- sâng - vernacular.
- Hailu:
- senˋ - literary;
- sangˋ - vernacular.
- Meixian:
- sên1 - literary;
- sang1 - vernacular.
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sàing / sàng
- Sinological IPA (key): /saiŋ⁴²/, /saŋ⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
Note:
- sàing - literary;
- sàng - vernacular.
Note:
- săng - vernacular;
- sĕng - literary.
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sa1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: saⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬa⁵³³/
- (Xianyou, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sann1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬã⁵⁴⁴/
- (Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sann1
- Sinological IPA (key): /θã⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian, Jiangkou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: seng1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬɛŋ⁵³³/
- (Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: seng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬe̞ŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: seng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬɛŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: seng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /θɛŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
Note:
- sa1/sann1 - vernacular;
- seng1 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sng
- Tâi-lô: sng
- Phofsit Daibuun: sngf
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng
- Tâi-lô: sing
- Phofsit Daibuun: sefng
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siⁿ
- Tâi-lô: sinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: svy
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /sĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seⁿ
- Tâi-lô: senn
- Phofsit Daibuun: svef
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɛ̃⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /sẽ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
- Tâi-lô: tsing
- Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Note:
- sng/seng - literary;
- siⁿ/seⁿ/cheng - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sêng1 / sên1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: seng / seⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /seŋ³³/, /sẽ³³/
Note:
- sêng1 - literary;
- sên1 - vernacular.
Note:
- 1san - colloquial;
- 1sen - literary.
- Middle Chinese: sraeng
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*sreŋ/
Definitions
牲
- (historical) sacrificial animal (especially a cow, sheep, or pig)
- domestic animal; livestock
Compounds
References
- “牲”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “牲”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 265.
Japanese
Kanji
牲
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
牲 • (saeng) (hangeul 생, revised saeng, McCune–Reischauer saeng, Yale sayng)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
牲: Hán Việt readings: sinh[1][2][3][4][5]
牲: Nôm readings: sinh[1][2], sanh[2], xinh[1], chũa[6]
- chữ Hán form of sinh (“domestic or sacrificial animal”)