Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic أَشَارَ (ʔašāra).
Pronunciation
Verb
-ashiria (infinitive kuashiria)
- to indicate (to show or point out)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -ashiria
|
| Positive present
|
-naashiria
|
| Subjunctive
|
-ashirie
|
| Negative
|
-ashirii
|
| Imperative singular
|
ashiria
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
ashiria
|
| Plural
|
ashirieni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huashiria
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liashiria
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuashiria
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naashiria)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaashiria/naashiria
|
tunaashiria
|
| 2nd person
|
unaashiria
|
mnaashiria
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaashiria
|
wanaashiria
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naashiria
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -ashirii)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siashirii
|
hatuashirii
|
| 2nd person
|
huashirii
|
hamwashirii
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haashirii
|
hawaashirii
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -ashirii
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taashiria
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taashiria
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ashirie)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niashirie
|
tuashirie
|
| 2nd person
|
uashirie
|
mwashirie
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aashirie
|
waashirie
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -ashirie
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siashirie
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeashiria
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeashiria
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliashiria
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliashiria
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aashiria)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naashiria
|
twaashiria
|
| 2nd person
|
waashiria
|
mwaashiria
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aashiria
|
waashiria
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waashiria
|
yaashiria
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laashiria
|
yaashiria
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaashiria
|
vyaashiria
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaashiria
|
zaashiria
|
| u(XI)
|
waashiria
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaashiria
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paashiria
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaashiria
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meashiria
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaashiria
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaashiria
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiashiria
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoashiria
|
| Consecutive
|
kaashiria / positive subject concord + -kaashiria
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaashirie
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niashiria
|
-tuashiria
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuashiria
|
-waashiria/-kuashirieni/-waashirieni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwashiria
|
-waashiria
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uashiria
|
-iashiria
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liashiria
|
-yaashiria
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiashiria
|
-viashiria
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iashiria
|
-ziashiria
|
| u(XI)
|
-uashiria
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuashiria
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paashiria
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muashiria
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiashiria
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ashiria- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-ashiriaye
|
-ashiriao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ashiriao
|
-ashiriayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ashirialo
|
-ashiriayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-ashiriacho
|
-ashiriavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ashiriayo
|
-ashiriazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-ashiriao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-ashiriako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ashiriapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-ashiriamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ashiria)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeashiria
|
-oashiria
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oashiria
|
-yoashiria
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loashiria
|
-yoashiria
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choashiria
|
-vyoashiria
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoashiria
|
-zoashiria
|
| u(XI)
|
-oashiria
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koashiria
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poashiria
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moashiria
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
- ishara (“sign, signal; symbol, mark”)