Swahili
Etymology
-chemka (“to boil”) + -ya (causative)
Pronunciation
Verb
-chemsha (infinitive kuchemsha)
- Causative form of -chemka: to boil a liquid
- to heat up a liquid
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -chemsha
|
| Positive present
|
-nachemsha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-chemshe
|
| Negative
|
-chemshi
|
| Imperative singular
|
chemsha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
chemsha
|
| Plural
|
chemsheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huchemsha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lichemsha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuchemsha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nachemsha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninachemsha/nachemsha
|
tunachemsha
|
| 2nd person
|
unachemsha
|
mnachemsha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anachemsha
|
wanachemsha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nachemsha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -chemshi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sichemshi
|
hatuchemshi
|
| 2nd person
|
huchemshi
|
hamchemshi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hachemshi
|
hawachemshi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -chemshi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tachemsha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tachemsha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -chemshe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nichemshe
|
tuchemshe
|
| 2nd person
|
uchemshe
|
mchemshe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
achemshe
|
wachemshe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -chemshe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sichemshe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngechemsha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singechemsha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalichemsha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalichemsha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -achemsha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nachemsha
|
twachemsha
|
| 2nd person
|
wachemsha
|
mwachemsha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
achemsha
|
wachemsha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wachemsha
|
yachemsha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lachemsha
|
yachemsha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chachemsha
|
vyachemsha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yachemsha
|
zachemsha
|
| u(XI)
|
wachemsha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwachemsha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pachemsha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwachemsha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mechemsha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshachemsha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jachemsha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kichemsha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipochemsha
|
| Consecutive
|
kachemsha / positive subject concord + -kachemsha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kachemshe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nichemsha
|
-tuchemsha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuchemsha
|
-wachemsha/-kuchemsheni/-wachemsheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mchemsha
|
-wachemsha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uchemsha
|
-ichemsha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lichemsha
|
-yachemsha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kichemsha
|
-vichemsha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ichemsha
|
-zichemsha
|
| u(XI)
|
-uchemsha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuchemsha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pachemsha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muchemsha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jichemsha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -chemsha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-chemshaye
|
-chemshao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-chemshao
|
-chemshayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-chemshalo
|
-chemshayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chemshacho
|
-chemshavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-chemshayo
|
-chemshazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-chemshao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-chemshako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-chemshapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-chemshamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -chemsha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yechemsha
|
-ochemsha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ochemsha
|
-yochemsha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lochemsha
|
-yochemsha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chochemsha
|
-vyochemsha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yochemsha
|
-zochemsha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ochemsha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kochemsha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pochemsha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mochemsha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms