Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic ضَمِنَ (ḍamina).
Pronunciation
Verb
-dhamini (infinitive kudhamini)
- to guarantee
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -dhamini
|
| Positive present
|
-nadhamini
|
| Subjunctive
|
-dhamini
|
| Negative
|
-dhamini
|
| Imperative singular
|
dhamini
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
dhamini
|
| Plural
|
dhaminini
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hudhamini
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lidhamini
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kudhamini
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadhamini)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninadhamini/nadhamini
|
tunadhamini
|
| 2nd person
|
unadhamini
|
mnadhamini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anadhamini
|
wanadhamini
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nadhamini
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -dhamini)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sidhamini
|
hatudhamini
|
| 2nd person
|
hudhamini
|
hamdhamini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hadhamini
|
hawadhamini
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -dhamini
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tadhamini
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tadhamini
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dhamini)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nidhamini
|
tudhamini
|
| 2nd person
|
udhamini
|
mdhamini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
adhamini
|
wadhamini
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -dhamini
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sidhamini
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngedhamini
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singedhamini
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalidhamini
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalidhamini
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adhamini)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nadhamini
|
twadhamini
|
| 2nd person
|
wadhamini
|
mwadhamini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
adhamini
|
wadhamini
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wadhamini
|
yadhamini
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
ladhamini
|
yadhamini
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chadhamini
|
vyadhamini
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yadhamini
|
zadhamini
|
| u(XI)
|
wadhamini
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwadhamini
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
padhamini
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwadhamini
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -medhamini
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshadhamini
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jadhamini
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kidhamini
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipodhamini
|
| Consecutive
|
kadhamini / positive subject concord + -kadhamini
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kadhamini
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nidhamini
|
-tudhamini
|
| 2nd person
|
-kudhamini
|
-wadhamini/-kudhaminini/-wadhaminini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mdhamini
|
-wadhamini
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-udhamini
|
-idhamini
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lidhamini
|
-yadhamini
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kidhamini
|
-vidhamini
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-idhamini
|
-zidhamini
|
| u(XI)
|
-udhamini
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kudhamini
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-padhamini
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mudhamini
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jidhamini
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dhamini- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-dhaminiye
|
-dhaminio
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-dhaminio
|
-dhaminiyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-dhaminilo
|
-dhaminiyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-dhaminicho
|
-dhaminivyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-dhaminiyo
|
-dhaminizo
|
| u(XI)
|
-dhaminio
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-dhaminiko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-dhaminipo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-dhaminimo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dhamini)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yedhamini
|
-odhamini
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-odhamini
|
-yodhamini
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lodhamini
|
-yodhamini
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chodhamini
|
-vyodhamini
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yodhamini
|
-zodhamini
|
| u(XI)
|
-odhamini
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kodhamini
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-podhamini
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-modhamini
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
- dhamana (“bail, pledge, collateral”)