Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-dhihirisha (infinitive kudhihirisha)
- Causative form of -dhihiri:
- to reveal, to exhibit
18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi[1], translation from R. Allen (1946) “Inkishafi—a translation from the Swahili”, in African Studies, volume 5, number 4, →DOI, pages 243–249, stanza 6:نِيَضِهِرِشِ يَغُ مَقَالِ ، اَبَيُ مُيُوْنِ نِقُصُدِيِ- Niyaḍihirishe yangu maqali, ambayo moyoni niquṣudiye.
- Let me set forth the plan which I have in my heart.
- to verify, to substantiate
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -dhihirisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nadhihirisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-dhihirishe
|
| Negative
|
-dhihirishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
dhihirisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
dhihirisha
|
| Plural
|
dhihirisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hudhihirisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lidhihirisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kudhihirisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadhihirisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninadhihirisha/nadhihirisha
|
tunadhihirisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unadhihirisha
|
mnadhihirisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anadhihirisha
|
wanadhihirisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nadhihirisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -dhihirishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sidhihirishi
|
hatudhihirishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hudhihirishi
|
hamdhihirishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hadhihirishi
|
hawadhihirishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -dhihirishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tadhihirisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tadhihirisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dhihirishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nidhihirishe
|
tudhihirishe
|
| 2nd person
|
udhihirishe
|
mdhihirishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
adhihirishe
|
wadhihirishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -dhihirishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sidhihirishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngedhihirisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singedhihirisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalidhihirisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalidhihirisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adhihirisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nadhihirisha
|
twadhihirisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wadhihirisha
|
mwadhihirisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
adhihirisha
|
wadhihirisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wadhihirisha
|
yadhihirisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
ladhihirisha
|
yadhihirisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chadhihirisha
|
vyadhihirisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yadhihirisha
|
zadhihirisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wadhihirisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwadhihirisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
padhihirisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwadhihirisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -medhihirisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshadhihirisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jadhihirisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kidhihirisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipodhihirisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kadhihirisha / positive subject concord + -kadhihirisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kadhihirishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nidhihirisha
|
-tudhihirisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kudhihirisha
|
-wadhihirisha/-kudhihirisheni/-wadhihirisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mdhihirisha
|
-wadhihirisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-udhihirisha
|
-idhihirisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lidhihirisha
|
-yadhihirisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kidhihirisha
|
-vidhihirisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-idhihirisha
|
-zidhihirisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-udhihirisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kudhihirisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-padhihirisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mudhihirisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jidhihirisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dhihirisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-dhihirishaye
|
-dhihirishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-dhihirishao
|
-dhihirishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-dhihirishalo
|
-dhihirishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-dhihirishacho
|
-dhihirishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-dhihirishayo
|
-dhihirishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-dhihirishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-dhihirishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-dhihirishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-dhihirishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dhihirisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yedhihirisha
|
-odhihirisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-odhihirisha
|
-yodhihirisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lodhihirisha
|
-yodhihirisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chodhihirisha
|
-vyodhihirisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yodhihirisha
|
-zodhihirisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-odhihirisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kodhihirisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-podhihirisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-modhihirisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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