Swahili
Verb
-gandika (infinitive kugandika)
- Stative form of -ganda
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -gandika
|
| Positive present
|
-nagandika
|
| Subjunctive
|
-gandike
|
| Negative
|
-gandiki
|
| Imperative singular
|
gandika
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
gandika
|
| Plural
|
gandikeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hugandika
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -ligandika
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kugandika
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nagandika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninagandika/nagandika
|
tunagandika
|
| 2nd person
|
unagandika
|
mnagandika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anagandika
|
wanagandika
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nagandika
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -gandiki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sigandiki
|
hatugandiki
|
| 2nd person
|
hugandiki
|
hamgandiki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hagandiki
|
hawagandiki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -gandiki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tagandika
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tagandika
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -gandike)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nigandike
|
tugandike
|
| 2nd person
|
ugandike
|
mgandike
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
agandike
|
wagandike
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -gandike
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sigandike
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngegandika
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singegandika
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaligandika
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaligandika
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -agandika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nagandika
|
twagandika
|
| 2nd person
|
wagandika
|
mwagandika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
agandika
|
wagandika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wagandika
|
yagandika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lagandika
|
yagandika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chagandika
|
vyagandika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yagandika
|
zagandika
|
| u(XI)
|
wagandika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwagandika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pagandika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwagandika
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -megandika
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshagandika
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jagandika
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kigandika
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipogandika
|
| Consecutive
|
kagandika / positive subject concord + -kagandika
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kagandike
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nigandika
|
-tugandika
|
| 2nd person
|
-kugandika
|
-wagandika/-kugandikeni/-wagandikeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mgandika
|
-wagandika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ugandika
|
-igandika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ligandika
|
-yagandika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kigandika
|
-vigandika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-igandika
|
-zigandika
|
| u(XI)
|
-ugandika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kugandika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pagandika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mugandika
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jigandika
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -gandika- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-gandikaye
|
-gandikao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-gandikao
|
-gandikayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-gandikalo
|
-gandikayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-gandikacho
|
-gandikavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-gandikayo
|
-gandikazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-gandikao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-gandikako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-gandikapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-gandikamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -gandika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yegandika
|
-ogandika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ogandika
|
-yogandika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-logandika
|
-yogandika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chogandika
|
-vyogandika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yogandika
|
-zogandika
|
| u(XI)
|
-ogandika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kogandika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pogandika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mogandika
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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