Swahili
Etymology
From Arabic جَادَلَ (jādala).
Pronunciation
Verb
-jadili (infinitive kujadili)
- to debate, discuss
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -jadili
|
| Positive present
|
-najadili
|
| Subjunctive
|
-jadili
|
| Negative
|
-jadili
|
| Imperative singular
|
jadili
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
jadili
|
| Plural
|
jadilini
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hujadili
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lijadili
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kujadili
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -najadili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninajadili/najadili
|
tunajadili
|
| 2nd person
|
unajadili
|
mnajadili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anajadili
|
wanajadili
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -najadili
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -jadili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sijadili
|
hatujadili
|
| 2nd person
|
hujadili
|
hamjadili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hajadili
|
hawajadili
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -jadili
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tajadili
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tajadili
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -jadili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nijadili
|
tujadili
|
| 2nd person
|
ujadili
|
mjadili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ajadili
|
wajadili
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -jadili
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sijadili
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngejadili
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singejadili
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalijadili
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalijadili
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ajadili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
najadili
|
twajadili
|
| 2nd person
|
wajadili
|
mwajadili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ajadili
|
wajadili
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wajadili
|
yajadili
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lajadili
|
yajadili
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chajadili
|
vyajadili
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yajadili
|
zajadili
|
| u(XI)
|
wajadili
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwajadili
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pajadili
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwajadili
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mejadili
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshajadili
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jajadili
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kijadili
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipojadili
|
| Consecutive
|
kajadili / positive subject concord + -kajadili
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kajadili
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nijadili
|
-tujadili
|
| 2nd person
|
-kujadili
|
-wajadili/-kujadilini/-wajadilini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mjadili
|
-wajadili
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ujadili
|
-ijadili
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lijadili
|
-yajadili
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kijadili
|
-vijadili
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ijadili
|
-zijadili
|
| u(XI)
|
-ujadili
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kujadili
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pajadili
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mujadili
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jijadili
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -jadili- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-jadiliye
|
-jadilio
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-jadilio
|
-jadiliyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-jadililo
|
-jadiliyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-jadilicho
|
-jadilivyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-jadiliyo
|
-jadilizo
|
| u(XI)
|
-jadilio
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-jadiliko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-jadilipo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-jadilimo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -jadili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yejadili
|
-ojadili
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ojadili
|
-yojadili
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lojadili
|
-yojadili
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chojadili
|
-vyojadili
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yojadili
|
-zojadili
|
| u(XI)
|
-ojadili
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kojadili
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pojadili
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mojadili
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms